Lefschetz numbers and cyclic base change for purely imaginary extensions
[For the entire collection see Zbl 0754.00024.] Let \(G/\mathbb{Q}\) be a connected simply connected semi-simple algebraic \(\mathbb{Q}\)-group, and denote by \(\sigma: G\to G\) a \(\mathbb{Q}\)-rational automorphism of finite order. Suppose that \(G(\mathbb{R})\) is non-compact. Given an arithmetic torsion-free \(\sigma\)-stable subgroup \(\Gamma\subset G(\mathbb{Q})\) and a finite dimensional complex representation \((\tau,V)\) endowed with a compatible \(\sigma\)-action there is the Lefschetz number \(L(\sigma,\Gamma,V) = \sum^ \infty_{i=0}(-1)^ i\text{ tr }\sigma^ i\), defined as the alternating sum over the traces of the homomorphism \(\sigma^ i\) induced on the cohomology groups \(H^ i(\Gamma,V)\). In `Lefschetz numbers and twisted stabilized orbital integrals' [Math. Ann. 296, 191-214 (1993)] the authors have given an explicit formula for \(L(\sigma,\Gamma,V)\). It involves (among others) the Lefschetz number of certain twisted \(\sigma\)-actions on the compact dual space attached to \(G(\mathbb{R})\), volume terms corresponding to the compact real form of the group of fixed points of these actions in \(G\) and stabilized \(\sigma\)- twisted orbital integrals. If \(\sigma\) comes from cyclic base change this formula takes a simple form. From the topological point of view this formula may be interpreted as a \(\sigma\)-twisted variant of Hirzebruch's proportionality principle. On the other hand, the formula fits into the framework of the conjectured form of the twisted stabilization of the Arthur-Selberg trace formula. In the paper under review this formula is discussed in the case of a cyclic base change for purely imaginary extensions, i.e. let \(E/F\) be a totally imaginary Galois extension of a real number field with cyclic Galois group \(\langle \sigma\rangle\). Given a connected semi-simple \(F\)- group, one considers the group \(G = \text{Res}_{E/\mathbb{Q}}(G_ 0\times E)\) obtained by Weil-restriction and endowed with the induced automorphism \(r\) on \(G\).
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