The Penrose inequality and the fluid/gravity correspondence
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Blow-up in context of PDEs (35B44) Yang-Mills and other gauge theories in quantum field theory (81T13) Strong interaction, including quantum chromodynamics (81V05) Gravitational interaction in quantum theory (81V17) Statistical mechanics of plasmas (82D10) Macroscopic interaction of the gravitational field with matter (hydrodynamics, etc.) (83C55) Space-time singularities, cosmic censorship, etc. (83C75) Quantum hydrodynamics and relativistic hydrodynamics (76Y05)
Abstract: Motivated by the fluid/gravity correspondence, we consider the Penrose inequality in the framework of fluid dynamics. In general relativity, the Penrose inequality relates the mass and the entropy associated with a gravitational background. If the inequality is violated by some Cauchy data, it suggests a creation of a naked singularity, thus providing means to consider the cosmic censorship hypothesis. The analogous inequality in the context of fluid dynamics can provide a valuable tool in the study of finite-time blowups in hydrodynamics. We derive the inequality for relativistic and nonrelativistic fluid flows in general dimension. We show that the inequality is always satisfied at the ideal fluid order. At the leading viscous order, the inequality may be violated by relativistic fluid flows, while it is always satisfied by nonrelativistic incompressible flows. The inequality may be violated at the next to leading viscous order by both relativistic and nonrelativistic flows.
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Cites work
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- Wilsonian approach to fluid/gravity duality
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