scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1252394
The connections between modal connectives and the connective of identity settle some philosophical sense of the modalities of necessity and possibility. Something is necessary, if it is identical with a logical truth. If something is different from the negation of some logical truth, it is possible. It is however, the ``ontological characteristics typical for modalities defined on the base of classical logic. The settling of similar connections between intuitionistic identity and intuitionistic modalities uncover the philosophical sense of the ``epistemic necessity and possibility. Unfortunately, the symmetry between the classical and the intuitionistic case is not entire. The acceptance of both equalities: \(\square=\neg\diamondsuit\neg\) and \(\diamondsuit=\neg\square\neg\), in intuitionistic logic yields the classical versions of both modalities (i.e. the Law of Excluded Middle holds for all formulas for which the necessity or the possibility operator is the main connective). Thus, there is a problem with defining the connective of intuitionistic possibility by the connective of identity. In Sections 2 and 3 two ``partial solutions of the mentioned problem are presented. They are ``partial because the connective of possibility has undesirable properties. The second solution yields the strengthening of the necessity connective, too. The main aim of this paper is obtained in Section 5, where a definition of intuitionistic possibility is given. This definition uses the new connective of nonidentity, presented in Section 4.
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