scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1267574
The author studies a two weight \(L^p\)--\(L^q\) inequality \[ \left(\int_{\mathbb R^n}(Mf)^q(x)u(x)\right)^{1/q} dx \leq C\left(\int_{\mathbb R^n}f^p(x)v(x) dx\right)^{1/p} \] for the Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator \(M\), which is defined at a~locally integrable \(f\) on \(\mathbb R^n\) by \[ Mf(x)=\sup\limits_{Q\owns x}\frac 1{|Q|}\int_Q|f(x)|dx, \] where the supremum is extended over all cubes with sides parallel to the coordinate axes. It is worth noting that the inequality makes sense only if \(q\leq p\). While for \(p=q\) and \(u=v\) the inequality is characterized by a simple geometric condition (namely the celebrated \(A_p\) condition of Muckenhoupt), the known conditions in general cases due to \textit{E. T. Sawyer} [Stud. Math. 75, 1-11 (1982; Zbl 0508.42023)] and \textit{I. E. Verbitsky} [Integral Equations Oper. Theory 15, No. 1, 124-153 (1992; Zbl 0782.47027)], are rather difficult to be verified for concrete pairs of weights. Therefore it is worth to work out criteria under certain restrictions on functions in question. The author's idea is to consider only those functions which are radial and radially non-increasing, that is, those which can be expressed in the form \(f(x)=\varphi(|x|)\), where \(\varphi\) is a~non-increasing positive function on \((0,\infty)\). The author gives a necessary and sufficient condition such that the weighted inequality holds under this restriction and observes several interesting phenomena, such as that now it makes sense to consider the cases \(p<q\) and/or \(p<1\) or that now the criterion, unlike the Sawyer's one, does not involve the maximal operator itself.
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