Le probleme de Brill-Noether pour des fibres stables de petites pentes
Let \(C\) be a smooth projective curve in characteristic 0, let \(n \geq 2\), \(d\geq 0\), \(k\geq 1\) be integers and let \(U_{n,d}\) be the moduli space of stable vector bundles of \(C\) of rank \(n\) and degree \(d\). Consider the Brill-Noether locus \(W^{k-1}_{n,d}:=\{E\in U_{n,d}\mid h^0(E)\geq k\}\). It has a natural structure of determinantal subscheme of \(U_{n,d}\) and, consequently, has an expected dimension. Consider the slope \(\mu:=d/n\). In order to study the Brill-Noether loci it suffices, by Riemann-Roch and Serre duality, to assume that \(0<\mu\leq g-1\). \textit{L. Brambila-Paz}, \textit{I. Grzegorczyk} and \textit{P. E. Newstead} [J. Alg. Geom. 6, No. 4, 645-669 (1997)] proved that, if \(0<\mu\leq 1\), then \(W^{k-1}_{n,d}\) is nonempty iff \(k\leq n+{1\over g}(d-n)\) and \((n,d,k)\neq(n,n,n)\) and, in this case, it is irreducible, of the expected dimension and \(\text{Sign} W^{k-1}_{n,d} =W^k_{n,d}\). In the present paper, the author shows that the same results are valid for \(1<\mu<2\), too, except that he is unable to prove the irreducibility of \(W^{k-1}_{n,d}\). Besides the techniques used in the above mentioned paper the author uses efficiently the dual \(D(E)\) of \(\text{Ker}(ev:H^0(E)\otimes{\mathcal O}\to E)\) (where \(E\) is a vector bundle on \(C)\). For example, he uses the (semi-)stability of \(D(\omega_C)\) to show that if \(E\) is a stable vector bundle with \(1<\mu<2\) then \(h^0(E)\leq n+{1\over g}(d-n)\) and equality holds iff \(E\simeq D(F)\) for some stable vector bundle \(F\) with \(\mu(F)>2g\).
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