scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1279048
This paper is the summary of the Ph. D. Thesis of the author, written under the direction of S. M. Salamon. This thesis covers topics relating the geometry and topology of homogeneous spaces. The key point for the more geometric part is the decomposition of the space of torsion tensors \(\mathcal T\) on an \(n\)-dimensional Riemannian manifold endowed with an \(H\)-structure (where \(H\) is a subgroup of \(O(n)\)) into two parts \({\mathcal T}_+\) and \({\mathcal T}_-\), the latter being independent of the choice of \(H\)-connection. The same space \(\mathcal T\) arises in connection with Riemannian homogeneous structures, i.e., the difference tensors of the Levi-Civita connection and a canonical connection on a Riemannian homogeneous space. The action of \(O(n)\) on \(\mathcal T\) makes it a \(O(n)\)-module and it splits into three irreducible components \({\mathcal T}_{1}\), \({\mathcal T}_{2}\) and \({\mathcal T}_{3}\) (see, e.g. [\textit{F. Tricerri} and \textit{L. Vanhecke}, `Homogeneous structures on Riemannian manifolds' (London Mathematical Society Lecture Note Series 83, Cambridge University Press) (1983; Zbl 0509.53043)]). The author finds some geometric results, combining these two splittings. For instance, the intersection \({\mathcal T}_- \cap {\mathcal T}_{3}\) characterises a class of naturally reductive homogeneous spaces satisfying the weak holonomy condition [see \textit{A. Gray}, Math. Z. 123, 290-300 (1971; Zbl 0222.53043)]. This leads to some classification problems using the theory of Lie group representations. In the more topological part, there are established some results connecting the topology of compact homogeneous spaces of even dimension and the theory of Lie algebras. In particular, it is studied a topological invariant \(\phi_2\), which is a rational combination of Betti numbers, introduced by \textit{S. M. Salamon} [Topology 35, 137-155 (1996; Zbl 0854.58004)]. It is shown that for an irreducible symmetric space \(G/K\) with \(G\) of type \(A\), \(D\) and \(E\), \(\phi_2\) is proportional to the dimension of \(G/K\) with some coefficient depending on the Coxeter number of \(G\).
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