scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1329910
The formation of urban structures, like settlements, trail systems, transport and supply networks, shows, from a structural perspective, significant analogies to phase transitions, known from physics, like cluster formation, aggregation and percolation phenomena, but also to self-organizing processes, in which new system qualities emerge due to the dynamic interaction of sub-entities. Usually, one is convinced that the development of urban areas is determined by numerous factors, difficult to grasp, such as cultural, sociological, economic, political, ecological etc. ingredients. On the other hand, on a certain level of abstraction, one can also find many common features between different urban structures, even from far distant regions, as well as between urban and natural structures. These investigations lead us to the hypothesis that there is a common level to describe the formation of these different structures. From our perspective, the basic dynamics of structurc formation creates these analogies, regardless of the different sub-entities involved, and we are convinced that the theory of self-organization provides a suitable quantitative approach to it. The approach of self-organization should be applied to the field of urban structure formation on a very basic level, which only considers structural or morphological features of urban aggregates. However, if we can obtain very simple rules for the self-organization of urban aggregations, this might shed some new light on the established ideas about hierarchical planning of urban settlements. Hence, there could be a quest for the system-immanent forces which allow the generation of urban structures in a new way, by incorporating the ideas of self-organization. For the entire collection see [Zbl 0913.00025].
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