scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1336697

Publication date 14 September 1999

asymptotic expansion characteristic polygon linear system singular perturbation turning point

Linear ordinary differential equations and systems (34A30) Asymptotic expansions of solutions to ordinary differential equations (34E05) Singular perturbations, turning point theory, WKB methods for ordinary differential equations (34E20)

Review text

The authors deal with a system of ordinary differential equations of the form \[ \varepsilon ^h\dot x=A(t,\varepsilon)x+f(t,\varepsilon)\exp(i\varepsilon ^{-h}\theta (t)). \] Here, the \((n\times n)\)-matrix-valued function \(A(t,\varepsilon)\) and the \({\mathbb{R}}^{n}\)-valued function \(f(t,\varepsilon)\) admit convergent power expansions in \(\varepsilon\): \[ A(t,\varepsilon)= \sum_{k=0}^{\infty}\varepsilon ^kA_k(t)\equiv\{\delta _{ni} \sum_{k=0}^{\infty}\varepsilon^ka_{ijk}(t)+\delta_{i,j-1}\}_{i,j=1}^n \] \(\delta_{ij}\) stands for the Kronecker symbol, and \(f(t,\varepsilon)= \sum_{k=0}^{\infty}\varepsilon^kf_k(t)\). It is assumed that: (1) \(A_k(t),\;f_k(t),\;\theta(t)\) are smooth on \([0,L]\); (2) the roots of the characteristic equation \(\det(\lambda\text{Id}-A_0(t))=0\) are distinct on the set \([0,L]\backslash \{t_k\}_{k=0}^p\) and coincide at turning points \(t=t_k\), the matrix \(A_0(t)\) being nilpotent and such that \(A_0^{n-1}(t_k)\neq 0,\;A_0^n(t_k)=0\); (3) \(a_{n10}(t)+\varepsilon a_{n11}(t)\neq 0\) for all \(t\in[0,L]\). Under these conditions the authors obtain an asymptotic expansion for a partial solution to a nonhomogeneous system and establish an estimate for the difference between this solution and its \(m\)-approximation. Next, by using the diagram analysis, the authors study a homogeneous system with a simple turning point \(t=0\). Conditions are found which guarantee the construction of an asymptotic expansion for solutions in terms of elementary functions.

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