scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1341750

MaRDI QIDQ4263295zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Seiichi Kamada

Publication date 21 November 1999

zbMATH Keywords

2-dimensional linksMarkov move equivalenceribbon 2-dimensional braidssurface linksunknotting number of 2-dimensional braids

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Review text

The famous Alexander, Artin, and Markov theorems have given us a method for studying classical knots and links. They are a source of ideas for studying 2-dimensional knots and links. In particular, 2-dimensional braids have been introduced and Markov moves generalized to dimension four. The author of the paper under review has already proved that if 2-dimensional braids \(S\) and \(S'\) represent the same surface link type, then there exists a sequence of 2-dimensional braids \(S=S_0\), \(S_1,\dots,S_s=S'\) such that for each \(i\) \((i=1, \dots, s)\), \(S_i\) is obtained from \(S_{i-1}\) by a braid ambient isotopy, a conjugation, a stabilization or the inverse operation of a stabilization. In this paper he proves that one can arrange the above mentioned Markov moves in such a way that there is an integer \(k\) such that \(S_i\) is obtained from \(S_{i-1}\) by the following arrangement of Markov moves: (1) a conjugation or a stabilization if \(i<k\); (2) a braid ambient isotopy if \(i=k\); (3) a conjugation or the inverse of a stabilization if \(i>k\). In addition, this result gives a series of improvements of some previous results. As a kind of the by-product, an arrangement of 1-dimensional Markov moves have the following arrangement: (1) a conjugation or a stabilization if \(i\leq k\); (2) a conjugation or the inverse of a stabilization if \(i>k\). For the entire collection see [Zbl 0919.00057].

Recommendations

• Stabilization in the braid groups. I: MTWS
• Alexander’s and Markov’s theorems in dimension four
• Markov Moves Cannot be Replaced by Double Markov Moves
• Alexander- and Markov-type theorems for virtual trivalent braids
• MARKOV THEOREM FOR TRANSVERSAL LINKS

Cited in

(5)

• Stabilization in the braid groups. I: MTWS
• The braid index is not additive for the connected sum of 2-knots
• Markov Moves Cannot be Replaced by Double Markov Moves
• Infinite sequences of mutually non-conjugate surface braids representing same surface-links
• Broken Lefschetz fibrations, branched coverings, and braided surfaces

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