An operator theoretic interpretation of the generalized Titchmarsh-Weyl coefficient for a singular Sturm-Liouville problem

Nevanlinna spaces and Smirnov spaces (30H15) Weyl theory and its generalizations for ordinary differential equations (34B20) Eigenvalues, estimation of eigenvalues, upper and lower bounds of ordinary differential operators (34L15) Particular ordinary differential operators (Dirac, one-dimensional Schrödinger, etc.) (34L40) Linear symmetric and selfadjoint operators (unbounded) (47B25) General theory of ordinary differential operators (47E05) Selfadjoint operator theory in quantum theory, including spectral analysis (81Q10)

Review text

The second-order differential expression or also the hydrogen atom differential expression \[ \ell(y):=-y(x)+\bigg(\frac{q_0+q_1\, x}{x^2}\bigg)\,y(x),\quad x\in(0,\infty), \] where \(q_0,q_1\in\mathbb{R}\), is studied. In Section 2, the asymptotic behavior of the solutions of the equation \[ \ell(y)=\lambda\, y(x), \] where \(q_1\in\mathbb{R}\), \(q_0>\frac{1}{4}\), and \(\lambda\in\mathbb{C}\), is investigated. In Section 3, assuming \(q_0\geq\frac{3}{4}\) and using the concept of supersingular perturbations, a connection between the generalized Weyl-Titchmarsh coefficient (or \(m(\lambda)\)-function) and the denominator in the Krein-type formula for a family of self-adjoint operators in a Hilbert space of not necessary square-integrable functions (see Theorem 2) is established. In Section~4, a new expansion of any function from \({\mathrm C}_0^\infty\big((0,\infty)\big)\) involving functions which are not locally square-integrable at zero is given (see Theorem~4). Finally, some basic facts on the scale of Hilbert spaces and on the limit circle case, i.e., \(-\frac{1}{4}\leq q_0<\frac{3}{4}\), are collected in appendices.

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