scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1011246
Given an almost complex structure \(J\) on a manifold \(M\), a map \(f\) from a Riemann surface \(\Sigma\), equipped with a complex structure \(j\), to \(M\) is called a pseudoholomorphic (or \(J\)-holomorphic) curve if for any point \(p\in \Sigma\) its differential is a complex linear map with respect to \(j(p)\) and \(J(f(p))\) on the tangent spaces. When, in particular, \((M,J)\) admits a smooth symplectic structure \(\omega\), it is said to tame \(J\) if there exist a Riemannian metric \(g\) and strictly positive constants \(C\), \(C^r_1\), \(r_0\), \(K\) such that (1) \(\omega (X,JX) \geq C_1|X|\) for \(X\in T_*(M)\), (2) the radius of injectivity of \(g\) is bounded below by \(r_0\); (3) the Gaussian curvature of 2-planes is bounded above by \(K\). This paper is concerned with the presentation of both local and global results for this case and applies them for the construction of symplectic invariants of spaces and also of diffeomorphisms of symplectic manifolds. As application of the theory of pseudoholomorphic 2-spheres, the author clarifies the quantum cohomology on symplectic manifolds which was previously introduced by \textit{D. McDuff} and \textit{D. Salamon} [\(J\)-holomorphic curves and quantum cohomology (Univ. Lecture Ser. 6, Am. Math. Soc., Providence, RI) (1994; Zbl 0809.53002)]. For the entire collection see [Zbl 0861.00016].
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