scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1014503
Let \(\Phi_n(z)\) be the \(n\)th cyclotomic polynomial and let \(F_N(z)=\prod_{n\leq N}\Phi_n(z)\). Let \[ \widetilde h(F_N)={1\over 2\pi}\int_{-\pi}^\pi\log^+|F(e^{i\theta})|d\theta, \] a quantity previously studied in the author's paper [\textit{F. Amoroso}, J. Number Theory 60, 80-96 (1996; Zbl 0866.11060)]. Here the author establishes an interesting connection between properties of \(F_N\) and the Riemann hypothesis. He shows that the inequality \(\widetilde h(F_n)\ll N^{\lambda+\varepsilon}\) is equivalent to the assertion that the Riemann zeta function does not vanish for \(\text{Re }z\geq\lambda+\varepsilon\). The proof is motivated by the observation that the conjugate function of \(\log|F_N(e^{i\theta})|\) is essentially the local discrepancy function of the set of Farey fractions with denominator at most \(N\), and so this result is related to the classical result of \textit{J. Franel} [Gött. Nachr. 1924, 198-201 (1924; JFM 50.0119.01)]. However, here a direct proof is given based on estimates of \(\widetilde h(F_N)\) in terms of the summatory Möbius function \(\sum_{n\leq N}\mu(n)\). A second result in the same vein is that if \(\lambda<1\) and if \(\log|F'_N(\zeta)|\gg-N^\lambda\) for every root of unity \(\zeta\) of order \(\leq N\), then for any \(\varepsilon>0\), the Riemann zeta function does not vanish for \(\text{Re }z\geq\lambda+\varepsilon\).
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