The Series of Norms in a Soluble p -Group
The norm of a group \(G\) is the subgroup \(k(G)\) of elements of \(G\) which normalize every subgroup of \(G\). The ascending series of subgroups \(k_i(G)\) in \(G\) such that \(k_0(G)=1\), \(k_{i+1}(G)/k_i(G)=k(G/k_i(G))\), is called the norm series of \(G\). The following main results are obtained: Theorem 2.1. Let \(G\) be a soluble group of derived length \(d\) and exponent \(p^m\), which for some \(n\leq p\), has a maximal \(n\)-union with the Hughes property for exponent \(p\). Then \(G\) is nilpotent, and there is a function of \(p\), \(m\), \(d\) which bounds the class of \(G\). Theorem 3.1. A soluble group of exponent \(p^n\) (\(n\leq p+1\)) is nilpotent if there are \(n-1\) non-central factors in the series of norms. Theorem 3.2. In the series of norms of a soluble group of exponent \(p^n\) where \(n\geq p\), there are at most \(n-1\) non-central factors. Examples which show that the result in Theorem 3.1. is best possible are constructed.
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