scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1051891

DOI10.5486/PMD.1996.1716MaRDI QIDQ4349910zbMATH OpenFDO

Publication date 25 August 1997

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.5486/PMD.1996.1716

close-to-convex convex analytic function extreme point radius of convexity

Special classes of univalent and multivalent functions of one complex variable (starlike, convex, bounded rotation, etc.) (30C45)

Review text

Inspired by a paper of \textit{A. W. Goodman} and \textit{E. W. Saff} [Int. J. Math. Math. Sci. 1, 125-132 (1978; Zbl 0383.30005)], the authors investigate the classes \({\mathcal G}_\alpha\) \((-\pi/2<\alpha<\pi/2)\) consisting of all analytic functions \(f\) such that \(f(0)=0\), \(f'(0)=1\) and \(\text{Re} e^{i\alpha} f'(z)>0\) in \(\Delta:=\{z:\;|z|<1\}\). The following extremal characterization is established: \(f\in{\mathcal G}_\alpha\) if and only if \[ f(z) =\int_X [-e^{-2i\alpha} z - (2e^{-i\alpha} \cos\alpha) \overline{x} \log(1-xz)] d\mu(x) \] for some probability measure \(\mu\) on the unit circle \(X\). Hence sharp bounds can be obtained for the coefficients of the Taylor series and the real parts (on discs \(r\Delta\), \(0<r<1)\) for functions in \({\mathcal G}_\alpha\). We have \({\mathcal G}_\alpha \setminus {\mathcal G}_\beta \neq\emptyset\) whenever \(\alpha\neq\beta\) \((|\alpha|,|\beta|<\pi/2)\). Furthermore \(\bigcap_{\pi/2-\varepsilon<\alpha<\pi/2} {\mathcal G}_\alpha = \bigcap_{-\pi/2+\varepsilon>\alpha>-\pi/2} {\mathcal G}_\alpha = \{ f(z)\equiv z\}\) and \(\bigcap_{|\alpha|<\pi/2-\varepsilon} {\mathcal G}_\alpha \setminus {\mathcal K} \neq \emptyset\), moreover \(\bigcap_{\pi/2-\varepsilon<\alpha<\pi/2} {\mathcal C}_\alpha ,\;\bigcap_{-\pi/2+\varepsilon>\alpha>-\pi/2} {\mathcal C}_\alpha \subset {\mathcal K}\) for any \(0<\varepsilon<\pi/2\) where \({\mathcal K}:= \{\) convex functions on \(\Delta\}\) and \({\mathcal C}_\alpha := \{f:\;\text{Re}[e^{i\alpha} f'/g']>0\) for some \(g\in{\mathcal K}\}\) is the class of \(\alpha\)-close-to-convex functions. If \(f\in G_\alpha\) and \(\phi\in{\mathcal K}\) then their convolution \(f*\phi\in{\mathcal G}_\alpha\). On the other hand, there exists \(\alpha_0\approx 1.24773\) for which \({\mathcal G}_\alpha\) is closed under convolution when \(\alpha_0 \leq |\alpha|<\pi/2\) and \({\mathcal G}_\alpha\) is not closed under convolution for \(|\alpha|<\alpha_0\). Finally, the radius of convexity of the classes \({\mathcal G}_\alpha\) is estimated and sufficient conditions are given for a polynomial member of \({\mathcal G}_\alpha\) to be starlike or convex.

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