scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1052337

Publication date 26 August 1997

dual geometry hyperplanar elements projective connection regular hyperband distribution regular hypersurfaces

Research exposition (monographs, survey articles) pertaining to differential geometry (53-02) Projective connections (53B10)

Review text

The subject of the book is a normalized manifold embedded into an \(n\)-dimensional space \(P_{n,n}\) with projective connection (in particular, into a projective space). As original space the author takes a space \(P_{n,n}\) with projective connection (Chapter I), a regular hyperband distribution \({\mathcal H}\subset P_{n,n}\) of \(m\)-dimensional linear elements, \(m<n-1\) (Chapter II), a regular hyperband \(H_m\subset P_{n,n}\),\ \(m<n-1\) (Chapter III), and a regular distribution of hyperplanar elements \({\mathcal M}\subset P_{n,n}\) and a regular hypersurface \(V_{n-1}\subset P_n\) (Chapter IV). The author studies the dual geometry of these manifolds that are normalized in some sense by means of investigation of differential-geometric structures induced by the fields of their fundamental and normalizing objects. The chapter headings are: 1. Dual theory of a normalized space with projective connection and plane multidimensional nets. 2. Theory of a regular hyperband distribution of \(m\)-dimensional linear elements, its duality, and applications. 3. Extrinsic geometry of a regular hyperband and its applications. 4. Dual theory of a regular distribution of hyperplanar elements and regular hypersurfaces. Note that other authors considered the dual theory only for the original space being projective. The author defines dual spaces with a linear (projective, affine, normal) connection by means of involutory transformations of their connection forms. This allows him to extend an ambient (projective) space to a space with projective connection, to study the geometry of a submanifold and its dual image simultaneously, to consider dual problems for different normalizations of a submanifold, to generalize known results in the dual geometry of submanifolds as well as to obtain new results in this direction, and to study the dual geometry of distributions. The aim of the book is an invariant construction of the basics of the dual theory of normalized manifolds embedded into an \(n\)-dimensional space \(P_{n,n}\) with projective connection by using the dual images of the manifolds in question. The author presents the theory of linear (projective, affine, normal) connections induced by some classical normalizations (É. Cartan, Norden, Bortolotti), constructs the invariant dual theory of regular hyperband distributions of \(m\)-dimensional linear elements (Chapter II), of regular distributions of hyperplanar elements (Chapter IV), of regular \(m\)-dimensional hyperbands \(H_m\subset P_{n, n}\) (Chapter III), of regular hypersurfaces \(V_{n-1}\subset P_{n, n}\) (Chapter IV), and of multidimensional nets (Chapters I, II, IV), and gives applications of these theories. The author uses Laptev's method [\textit{G. F. Laptev}, Tr. Mosk. Mat. O-va. 2, 275--382 (1953; Zbl 0053.42802)]\ of expansions and inclusions based on the Cartan method of exterior differential forms and moving frames. All results are obtained in a minimally specialized moving frame. This allows the author to obtain his results in an invariant form.

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