scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1055054
Let \(\alpha= \text{const.}\) and \(f(x)\) an analytic function. The author considers the equation \[ yu_{yy}+ u_{xx}+ \alpha u_y=0 \tag{1} \] on the half-plane \(y>0\) with \[ u(x,0) =f(x) \] on the boundary. Based on the general solution of (1) given in the form of \[ u (x,y)= \sum^\infty_{k=0} {(-1)^k \Gamma(\alpha) \over k! \Gamma (k+\alpha)} y^k{d^{2k}f \over dx{2k}} \tag{2} \] he derived two types of particular solutions of (1) by choosing \(f\) as an even resp. odd power of \(x\). Both types of particular solutions are then expressed in terms of the Gaussian hypergeometric function \(F(\alpha,\beta; \gamma;t)\) multiplied with the corresponding even resp. odd power of \(x\). Thereby he obtained certain analogues of homogeneous harmonic polynomials. Using the metric given by the quadratic form which corresponds to the principal part of (1) the trace of the partial solutions on the corresponding unit circle is nothing else than a Gegenbauer polynomial if \(\alpha> {1\over 2}\) and a first genus Chebyshev polynomial if \(\alpha= {1\over 2}\). The formal generalization to the case of several variables is obtained by classical Laplace-operator techniques considering \(u=u(z,x)\) with \(x=(x_1, \dots, x_n)\), and \[ zu_{zz} +\Delta u+ \alpha u_z=0 \tag{3} \] instead of equation (1). Then (cf. (2)) the general solution is given in the form of \[ u(z,x)= \sum^\infty_{k=0} {(-1)^k\Gamma (\alpha) \over k! \Gamma (k+\alpha)} z^k \Delta^kf, \tag{4} \] with \(u(0,x) =f(x)\) as before. Setting \(f=(x_1^2+ \cdots +x_n^2)^lp_m(x)\), \(l=1,2, \dots\), where \(p_m(x)\) are homogeneous harmonic polynomials of degree \(m\), the author obtains generalized Gegenbauer polynomials as the trace of the corresponding particular solutions of (4) on the hemisphere \(S:= \{z\geq 0,\;4z+ x_1^2+ \cdots+ x_n^2=1\}\). For the entire collection see [Zbl 0867.00015].
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