scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1057565
Let \(\Omega\subset \mathbb{R}^d\) be an open (unbounded) set and \(-A_D\), \(-A_i\), \(-A_N\) the Dirichlet, intermediate Dirichlet and generalized Neumann symmetric Markov generators for three realizations of a differential expression \textit{d.a.d.} where \(a(\cdot)\) is a locally integrable function on \(\Omega\) with values in the strictly positive real symmetric matrices. If \(A\) denotes one of the operators \(A_D\), \(A_i\), \(A_N\), one proves the spectral \(p\)-independence of \(A\) for all \(p\in (1,\infty)\) in the hypotheses \(a(\cdot)\in [L^1(\Omega_R)]^{d\times d}\) for some \(R> 0\), (\(\Omega_R= \{x\in\Omega;| x|\leq R\}\)) or \(a(x)(1+ x^2)^{-1}\log^\nu(1+ x^2)\in [L^\infty(\Omega\setminus \Omega_R)]^{d\times d}\) for some \(\nu> 0\). One considers the generalized Schrödinger operator \(\Lambda= A+ V\), \(V= V_+- V_-\), \(V_{\pm}\in L^1_{\text{loc}}(\Omega)\) with form small negative part \(V_-\), i.e. \(V_-\leq \beta A+ V_++ c(\beta)\) for some \(0<\beta< 1\) and \(c(\beta)\in\mathbb{R}^1\). \(-\Lambda_p\) can be defined as the generator of a strongly continuous consistent semigroup on \(L^p(\Omega)\) only for \(p_0< p< p_0'\) with appropriate \(p_0\in(1, 2)\) such that for all \(z\in\rho(\Lambda_2)\), the resolvent \((z-\Lambda_2)^{-1}\) can be extended by continuity to a bounded map on \(L^p(\Omega)\) for all \(p\in(p(\beta), p'(\beta))\) where \(p'(\beta)= [2/(1- \sqrt{1- \beta}][d/(d-2)]\); \(d\geq 3\) and \(p(\beta)= (p'(\beta))'\); \((p(\beta), p'(\beta))\) being the maximal interval of ``bounded solvability for \(-\Delta+ V\). Concerning the equivalence of Green's function \(G_A\) of \(A^{-1}\) and \(G_\Lambda\) of \(\Lambda^{-1}\) one obtains general and more important natural conditions on \(V\) for unbounded \(\Omega\). In particular, for \(\Omega= \mathbb{R}^d\) and \(\Lambda= -\Delta+ V_+\), if \(\|(-\Delta)^{-1} V_+\|_\infty\), then there exists \(c\in (0,1)\) such that for all \(x,y\in \mathbb{R}^d\), \(cG_0(x, y)< G_\Lambda(x, y)\) where \(G_0(x, y)= C_d| x-y|^{2- d}\), \(d\geq 3\). The converse is also true.
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