scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1059202
The author considers arithmetic error terms and the error terms \(E_k(T)\) with \(k=1, 2\) in the mean value formulae for \(|\zeta (\frac 12 +it)|^{2k}\) from the point of view of Mellin and Laplace transforms. First he derives asymptotic expansions for the Laplace transforms (for real positive values of the variable) of \(\Delta _k(x)\) and \(E(t)=E_1(t)\); here \(\Delta _k(x)\) stands for the error term in the divisor problem for \(d_k(n)\). Next, the Laplace transform of \(E_2(t)\), that is the integral \(\int_0^{\infty}E_2(t)e^{-t/T} dt\), is expressed by an approximate spectral formula, where the discrete spectrum of the hyperbolic Laplacian gives the main contribution; methodically this is the core of the paper. For a proof, the Laplace transform is first written in terms of the function \[ Z_2(s)=\int_1^{\infty}|\zeta ({\textstyle \frac 12} +it)|^4t^{-s} dt, \] introduced and studied by \textit{Y. Motohashi} [Ann. Sci. Norm. Super. Pisa, Cl. Sci., IV. Ser. 22, 299-313 (1995; Zbl 0831.11046)], who showed its meromorphic continuation and determined its poles as well as the corresponding residues. The most significant poles lie on the line \(\sigma =1/2\) at certain points related to the discrete spectrum, and these yield the main contribution mentioned above. The spectral formula in question entails interesting consequences in combination with a certain non-vanishing result of Motohashi for automorphic \(L\)-functions. Namely, the Omega result \(E_2(T)=\Omega _{\pm }(\sqrt{T})\) due to Motohashi (loc. cit.) is reproved in such a stronger form that both positive and negative values of \(E_2(T)\) of absolute value \(\gg \sqrt{T}\) occur even in any interval \([T,BT]\) for a suitable constant \(B\) if \(T\) is large enough. Also, it is shown how the Mellin transform technique can be applied to reprove the (essentially best known) estimate \(E_2(T)\ll T^{2/3+\varepsilon}\) due to \textit{N. Zavorotnyj} [Automorphic functions and number theory, 1, Collect. Sci. Works, Vladivostok, 69-125 (1989; Zbl 0711.11028)]. For the entire collection see [Zbl 0868.00042].
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