The convex Positivstellensatz in a free algebra

DOI10.1016/J.AIM.2012.04.028zbMATH Open1260.14071arXiv1102.4859OpenAlexW2070495995MaRDI QIDQ436182FDOQ436182

Authors: J. William Helton, Igor Klep, Scott McCullough 

Publication date: 30 July 2012

Published in: Advances in Mathematics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: Given a monic linear pencil L in g variables let D_L be its positivity domain, i.e., the set of all g-tuples X of symmetric matrices of all sizes making L(X) positive semidefinite. Because L is a monic linear pencil, D_L is convex with interior, and conversely it is known that convex bounded noncommutative semialgebraic sets with interior are all of the form D_L. The main result of this paper establishes a perfect noncommutative Nichtnegativstellensatz on a convex semialgebraic set. Namely, a noncommutative polynomial p is positive semidefinite on D_L if and only if it has a weighted sum of squares representation with optimal degree bounds: p = s^* s + sum_j f_j^* L f_j, where s, f_j are vectors of noncommutative polynomials of degree no greater than 1/2 deg(p). This noncommutative result contrasts sharply with the commutative setting, where there is no control on the degrees of s, f_j and assuming only p nonnegative, as opposed to p strictly positive, yields a clean Positivstellensatz so seldom that such cases are noteworthy.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1102.4859

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zbMATH Keywords

linear matrix inequalitymoment problemPositivstellensatzfree convexityfree positivityfree real algebraic geometry

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Operator spaces and completely bounded maps (46L07) Applications of functional analysis in optimization, convex analysis, mathematical programming, economics (46N10) Linear operator methods in interpolation, moment and extension problems (47A57) Semialgebraic sets and related spaces (14P10) Real algebra (13J30)

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Cited In (39)

• Noncommutative polynomials nonnegative on a variety intersect a convex set
• The tracial Hahn-Banach theorem, polar duals, matrix convex sets, and projections of free spectrahedra
• Positive maps from the walled Brauer algebra
• Free noncommutative hereditary kernels: Jordan decomposition, Arveson extension, kernel domination
• Matrix convex hulls of free semialgebraic sets
• Hilbert's 17th problem in free skew fields
• A semidefinite hierarchy for containment of spectrahedra
• A positivstellensatz for non-commutative polynomials
• Facial structure of matrix convex sets
• The tracial moment problem on quadratic varieties
• On projections of free semialgebraic sets
• Invariant structure preserving functions and an Oka-Weil Kaplansky density type theorem
• Dilations, Linear Matrix Inequalities, the Matrix Cube Problem and Beta Distributions
• Positivstellensätze for noncommutative rational expressions
• Minimizer Extraction in Polynomial Optimization Is Robust
• An introduction to matrix convex sets and free spectrahedra
• Constrained trace-optimization of polynomials in freely noncommuting variables
• Quasi-convex free polynomials
• Positivstellensätze for algebras of matrices
• State polynomials: positivity, optimization and nonlinear Bell inequalities
• The singular bivariate quartic tracial moment problem
• A local-global principle for linear dependence of noncommutative polynomials.
• Noncommutative polynomials describing convex sets
• A strict Positivstellensatz for the Weyl algebra
• Bianalytic maps between free spectrahedra
• Circular free spectrahedra
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• Stable Noncommutative Polynomials and Their Determinantal Representations
• The strong truncated Hamburger moment problem with and without gaps
• Matrix convex sets without absolute extreme points
• Quadratic modules, 𝐶*-algebras, and free convexity
• Operator Positivstellensätze for noncommutative polynomials positive on matrix convex sets
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• On the positivstellensatz in Weyl’s algebra
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• NCSOStools
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