Free loci of matrix pencils and domains of noncommutative rational functions

DOI10.4171/CMH/408MaRDI QIDQ520758zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Igor Klep, Jurij Volčič

Publication date 5 April 2017

Published in Commentarii Mathematici Helvetici (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1512.02648

zbMATH Keywords

linear matrix inequalitiesreal algebraic geometryrealization theoryhyperbolic polynomiallinear pencilfree locusKippenhahn conjecturenoncommutative rational function

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Real algebraic sets (14P05) Matrix pencils (15A22) Infinite-dimensional and general division rings (16K40) Nil and nilpotent radicals, sets, ideals, associative rings (16N40) Trace rings and invariant theory (associative rings and algebras) (16R30) Real rational functions (26C15)

Abstract: Consider a monic linear pencil $L(x)=I-A_1{x}_1-cdots-A_g{x}_g$ whose coefficients $A_j$ are $dimesd$ matrices. It is naturally evaluated at $g$-tuples of matrices $X$ using the Kronecker tensor product, which gives rise to its free locus $Z(L)=X:detL(X)=0$. In this article it is shown that the algebras $A$ and $A^{\prime }$ generated by the coefficients of two linear pencils $L$ and $L^{\prime }$, respectively, with equal free loci are isomorphic up to radical. Furthermore, $Z(L)subseteqZ(L^{\prime })$ if and only if the natural map sending the coefficients of $L^{\prime }$ to the coefficients of $L$ induces a homomorphism $A^{\prime }/mrad{A}^{\prime }oA/mradA$. Since linear pencils are a key ingredient in studying noncommutative rational functions via realization theory, the above results lead to a characterization of all noncommutative rational functions with a given domain. Finally, a quantum version of Kippenhahn's conjecture on linear pencils is formulated and proved: if hermitian matrices $A_1,dots,A_g$ generate $M_d(mathbbC)$ as an algebra, then there exist hermitian matrices $X_1,dots,X_g$ such that $su{m}_i{A}_{i}otimes{X}_i$ has a simple eigenvalue.

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Cited in

(17)

• Burnside graphs, algebras generated by sets of matrices, and the Kippenhahn conjecture
• Realizations of non-commutative rational functions around a matrix centre. II: The lost-abbey conditions
• An introduction to matrix convex sets and free spectrahedra
• Examples for the quantum Kippenhahn theorem
• Noncommutative partially convex rational functions
• On domains of noncommutative rational functions
• Local theory of free noncommutative functions: germs, meromorphic functions, and Hermite interpolation
• Noncommutative polynomials describing convex sets
• Compact sets in the free topology
• Geometry of free loci and factorization of noncommutative polynomials
• Bianalytic maps between free spectrahedra
• Groupoid models of \(C^*\)-algebras and the Gelfand functor
• Stable Noncommutative Polynomials and Their Determinantal Representations
• Bianalytic free maps between spectrahedra and spectraballs
• Ranks of linear matrix pencils separate simultaneous similarity orbits
• Free Bertini's theorem and applications
• A note on group representations, determinantal hypersurfaces and their quantizations

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