Sharp Adams type inequalities in Sobolev spaces W^m,nm( R^n) for arbitrary integer m

Abstract: The main purpose of our paper is to prove sharp Adams-type inequalities in unbounded domains of

m a t h b b R^{n}

for the Sobolev space

W^{m, f r a c n m} l e f t (m a t h b b R^{n} i g h t)

for any positive integer

m

less than

n

. Our results complement those of Ruf and Sani cite{RS} where such inequalities are only established for even integer

m

. Our inequalities are also a generalization of the Adams-type inequalities in the special case

n = 2 m = 4

proved in cite{Y} and stronger than those in cite{RS} when

n = 2 m

for all positive integer

m

by using different Sobolev norms.

Review text

Let \(\Omega\) be a bounded domain in Euclidean space \(\mathbb{R}^n\), where \(n\) is a positive integer. If \(\nabla\) is the gradient operator and \(\Delta\) denotes the Laplacian operator, then the Sobolev space \(W^{m,p}(\Omega)\) is defined for a positive integer \(m\) and a real number \(p\geq 1\) by NEWLINE\[NEWLINE\{u\in L^p(\Omega): \nabla^j(u)\in L^p(\Omega),\;j= 1,2,\dots,m,\text{ and }\| u\|_{\Omega^{m,p}}<\infty\},NEWLINE\]NEWLINE where NEWLINE\[NEWLINEL^p(\Omega)= \{\text{measurable }u:\| u\|_p< \infty\},\;\| u\|_p= \Biggl(\int_\Omega |u(x)|^p dx\Biggr)^{1/p},NEWLINE\]NEWLINE and NEWLINE\[NEWLINE\| u\|_{\Omega^{m,p}}=\| u\|_p+ \sum^m_{j=1} \|\nabla^j(u)\|_p.NEWLINE\]NEWLINE It is convenient to define \(\nabla^m(u)\) by \(\nabla^m(u)= \nabla^{{1\over 2}m}(u)\) if \(m\) is an even number, (\(=\nabla\nabla^{m-1}(u)\) if \(m\) is an odd number). The main theorems of this paper include the following statements:NEWLINENEWLINE (1) If \(m= 2k+1\) is an odd integer, \(m<n\), and if the function \(\phi\) has the form NEWLINE\[NEWLINE\phi(t)= e^t- \sum^\kappa_{j=1} (t^j/j!);\quad \kappa=\min\{j\geq 1: j> n/m\},NEWLINE\]NEWLINE then the constant \(\beta(n,m)\) may be defined in terms of gamma function expressions such that NEWLINE\[NEWLINE\sup\Biggl\{\int_{\mathbb{R}^n} \phi\{\beta(n, m)|u(x)|^{n/(n-m)}\}\,dx< \infty: u\in W^{m,n/m}(\mathbb{R}^n),\;P_k(u)\leq 1\Biggr\}< \infty,NEWLINE\]NEWLINE where \(P_k(u)= \|\nabla(- \Delta+ 1)^k u\|^r_r+\|(- \Delta+ 1)^ku\|^r_r\), \(r= n/m\).NEWLINENEWLINE (2) If \(m= 2k+1\) is an odd integer or \(m= 2h\), an even integer, then for \(\tau>0\),NEWLINENEWLINE NEWLINE\[NEWLINE\begin{multlined}\sup\Biggl\{\int_{\mathbb{R}^{2m}}\{(\exp\beta(2m, m)|u(x)|^2)- 1\}\,dx<\infty: u\in W^{m,2}(\mathbb{R}^{2m}),\\ P_{k,\tau}(u)\leq 1\;(\text{or }P^0_h(u)\leq 1)\Biggr\} < \infty,\end{multlined}NEWLINE\]NEWLINE NEWLINENEWLINEwhere \(P_{k,\tau}(u)= \|\nabla(- \Delta+\tau)^k u\|^2_2+ \|(-\Delta+ \tau)^ku\|^2_2\), \(P^0_h(u)= \|(-\Delta+ \tau)^h u\|^2_2\).NEWLINENEWLINE References of the paper include papers which contain results involving inclusions of Sobolev spaces in Lebesgue or Orlicz spaces.

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