scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1126904

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Publication:4379995





The author studies properties of the 3-manifold invariant \(\Omega (M)\) constructed in [\textit{Thang T. Q. Le, Jun Murakami} and \textit{Tomotada Ohtsuki}, Topology 37, No. 3, 539-574 (1998; Zbl 0897.57017)]. The invariant takes values in a graded Hopf algebra \(\mathcal D\) of Feynman trivalent graphs. In [Finite type invariants of integral homology 3-spheres, J. Knot Theory Ramifications 5, No. 1, 101-115 (1996)] \textit{T. Ohtsuki} introduced a notion of finite invariants of homology 3-spheres. The main theorem states that for homology 3-spheres, \(\Omega _n\) is an universal finite invariant of order \(3n\), in the sense that if \(\Omega _n (M) = \Omega _n (M')\) then \(I(M) = I(M')\) for every invariant \(I\) of order \(\leq 3n\). Also, the main theorem answers positively Question 1 from \textit{Stavros Garoufalidis} and \textit{Tomotada Ohtsuki} [Topology 37, No. 2, 227-243 (1998; Zbl 0889.57017)], which implies, in particular, that the mapping \(\Omega \colon {\mathcal M} \to {\mathcal D}\) is a Hopf algebra homomorphism, where \({\mathcal M}\) is the vector space over \textbf{Q} spanned by the set of all integral homology oriented 3-spheres. This means that \(\Omega\) induces an algebra isomorphism between the set of finite type invariants of homology 3-spheres and \({\mathcal D}\). The author also introduces an operation \(s_n\) on Dehn surgery presentations of homology 3-spheres, similar to the Stanford operation for knots, such that if \(M'\) is obtained from \(M\) by an \(s_n\) operation, then \(\Omega _n (M) = \Omega _n (M')\). Let \(\nu {\mathcal M}_n\) be the set of all homology 3-spheres up to the relation \(M_1 \sim M_2 \iff \Omega _n (M_1) = \Omega _n (M_2)\). The author states that \(\nu {\mathcal M}_n\) is a free abelian group, where the product is the connected sum, promising to present the proof elsewhere. For the entire collection see [Zbl 0871.00030].




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