A classification theorem for Albert algebras
This paper deals with the problem of the classification of the exceptional central simple Jordan algebras or Albert algebras. These algebras can be constructed either from central simple associative algebras of degree 3 over the ground field by means of the first Tits construction, or from central simple associative algebras of degree 3 over a quadratic separable field extension \(L/k\), equipped with an \(L/k\)-involution of the second kind, by means of the second Tits construction (or by both). The latter construction builds an Albert algebra \(J(B,\sigma,u,\mu)\) from any associative algebra with involution \((B,\sigma)\) as above, and a unit \(u\) in \(B\) with generic norm \(N(u)=\mu\bar\mu\), \(\mu\in L\). The authors prove that, over a field \(k\) of characteristic \(\neq 2,3\), the second Tits constructions \(J=J(B,\sigma,u,\mu)\) and \(J'=J(B,\sigma,u',\mu')\) are isomorphic if and only if there is a unit \(w\in B\) such that \(u'=wu\sigma(u)\) and \(\mu'=N(w)\mu\); thus settling a question raised by \textit{H. L. Petersson} and \textit{M. L. Racine} [Albert algebras, in Jordan Algebras, Proceedings of a Conference held in Oberwolfach, 1992, de Gruyter, 197-207 (1994; Zbl 0810.17021)]. They also show that \(J\) and \(J'\) as above are isomorphic if and only if they have the same cohomological invariants due to Serre, and prove a Skolem-Noether type theorem showing that any isomorphism between 9-dimensional Jordan subalgebras of type \(H(B,\sigma)\), as before, in an Albert algebra is the restriction of an automorphism of the whole algebra.
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