scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1150117

Publication date 6 September 1998

exponential generating functions quasi-Schlömilch formulas representations weighted Stirling-type pair

Exact enumeration problems, generating functions (05A15) Bell and Stirling numbers (11B73)

Two sequences of numbers \(A_1(n,k)\) and \(A_2(n,k)\) are called a Stirling-type pair if they are the coefficients of the exponential generating functions \[ (1/k!) \bigl[f(t) \bigr]^k= \sum_{n\geq 0} A_1(n,k) t^n/n! \quad \text{and} \quad (1/k!) \bigl[g(t)\bigr]^k =\sum_{n \geq 0} A_2(n,k) t^n/n!, \] where \(f\) and \(g\) are two formal power series with complex coefficients such that \(f(g(t))= g(f(t)) =t\), i.e., \(f\) and \(g\) are reciprocal elements of the formal power series ring \(\Gamma\) over the complex field \(\mathbb{C}\). Likewise, the sequences of numbers \(B_1(n,k)\) and \(B_2(n,k)\) are called a weighted Stirling-type pair with weighting function \(W(t)\), \(W(0)=0\), if they are given by the generating functions \[ W(t) \bigl[f(t) \bigr]^k /k! =\sum_{n\geq k} B_1(n,k) t^n/n! \quad \text{and} \quad \bigl[g(t) \bigr]^k/k! W(t)= \sum_{n\geq k} B_2(n,k) t^n/n!, \] where \(f(0)= g(0)=0\), and \(f(t)\) and \(g(t)\) are reciprocal. The authors discuss the representation problem for a class of weighted Stirling-type pairs and prove quasi-Schlömilch formulas of rank 1, which generalize some results of \textit{F. T. Howard} [Discrete Math. 57, 45-58 (1985; Zbl 0606.10009)].

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