scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1182677
Let \(X\) be a Banach space over the field \(K\), where either \(K=\mathbb R\) or \(K=\mathbb C\). Let \(E=\{{\xi\choose x} : \xi\in K, x\in X\}=K\oplus X \) be its one-dimensional extension. If \(T\) is a linear (in general, unbounded) operator in \(X\) with domain \(D(T)\), the matrix \[ A=\left(\begin{matrix} \eta&\varphi \\ z&T \end{matrix} \right) , \quad \eta\in K , \quad \varphi\in X^* , \quad z\in X \] defines a linear operator \(A : K\oplus D(T)\rightarrow X\), which is continuous provided \(T\) is continuous. The author obtains an exact description of the spectrum \(\sigma(A)\) in terms of \(\sigma(T)\), zeros \(N_+(A)\) and poles \(N_-(A)\) of the characteristic function \(\Delta(\lambda)=\eta-\lambda-\phi(R_\lambda(T)z)\), where \(R_\lambda(T)\) is the resolvent of \(T\). For example, the points \(\lambda\in N_+(A)\) are isolated eigenvalues of \(A\) and the corresponding eigenspace is one-dimensional (Theorem 3.7). In \S 2 the author solves the equation \(A{\xi\choose x}= {\eta\choose g}\) when \(A\) is Fredholm (i.e. has the closed image \(\text{Im }A\) and \(\text{Codim Im }A= \dim \text{Ker }A=0\)). For the entire collection see [Zbl 0997.00561].
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