scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1960599
A metric space is called a continuum if it is compact and connected. Let \(f : X \to X\) and \(g : Y \to Y\) be mappings from continua \(X\) and \(Y\), respectively, to themselves. The mapping \(g\) is called conjugate to \(f\) if there exists a homeomorphism \(\varphi : X \to Y\) such that \(g \circ \varphi = \varphi \circ f\), and \(g\) is semi-conjugate to \(f\) if there exists a continuous and onto mapping \(\varphi : X \to Y\) such that \(g \circ \varphi = \varphi \circ f\). From the topological point of view, conjugate mappings are the same, while many important properties are preserved under semi-conjugacies. Since mappings of the unit interval to itself are well understood, it is of interest to determine conditions under which a given mapping is (or is not) semi-conjugate to an interval map. In this paper the authors give a simple condition which implies that a given mapping from a continuum to itself is not semi-conjugate to an interval map. Their main result reads as follows. Theorem. Let \(f : X \to X\) be a mapping from a continuum \(X\) to itself, and let \(\mathcal{A}\) be a completely invariant finite subset of \(X\) such that \[ {f^2}_{|\mathcal{A}} \neq \operatorname{id}_{|\mathcal{A}} . \] Then \(f\) is not semi-conjugate to an interval map. The proof makes use of the linear structure of the continuum and reduces to a combinatorial argument.
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