A refined realization theorem in the context of the Schur-Szegő composition

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Abstract: Every polynomial of the form P=(x+1)(xn−1+c1xn−2+cdots+cn−1) is representable as Schur-SzegH{o} composition of n−1 polynomials of the form (x+1)n−1(x+ai), where the numbers ai are unique up to permutation. We give necessary and sufficient conditions upon the possible values of the 8-vector whose components are the number of positive, zero, negative and complex roots of a real polynomial P and the number of positive, zero, negative and complex among the quantities ai corresponding to P. A similar result is proved about entire functions of the form exR, where R is a polynomial.


For two polynomials of degree \(n\), \(A:=\sum_{j=0}^n \binom{n}{j} a_jx^j\) and \(B:=\sum_{j=0}^n \binom{n}{j} b_jx^j\), the Schur-Szegő composition is defined by the formula \(A\star B:=\sum_{j=0}^n \binom{n}{j}a_j b_jx^j\). Now, every polynomial of the form \(p:=(x+1)(x^{n-1}+c_1x^{n-2}+ \cdots+c_{n-1})\) is representable as the Schur-Szegő composition of \(n-1\) polynomials of the form \(K_{a_j}:=(x+1)^{n-1}(x+a_j)\), where the numbers \(a_j\) are unique up to permutation. In the paper under review, the author establishes a refined realization theorem in the context of the Schur-Szegő composition of polynomials. Extensions to transcendental entire functions of the form \(R e^x\), where \(R\) is a polynomial, are also proved.











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