A fixed point theorem for L ^1 spaces

DOI10.1007/S00222-011-0363-2MaRDI QIDQ443970zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Uri Bader, Nicolas Monod, Tsachik Gelander

Publication date 13 August 2012

Published in Inventiones Mathematicae (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1012.1488

zbMATH Keywords

\(L\)-embedded spacederivation problemfixed point theoremKazhdan groupweakly amenable \(C^*\)-algebra

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Geometric group theory (20F65) (L^1)-algebras on groups, semigroups, etc. (43A20) Isometric theory of Banach spaces (46B04) Classifications of (C^*)-algebras (46L35) Commutators, derivations, elementary operators, etc. (47B47) Fixed-point theorems (47H10)

Abstract: We prove a fixed point theorem for a family of Banach spaces, notably L^1 and its non-commutative analogues. Several applications are given, e.g. the optimal solution to the "derivation problem" studied since the 1960s.

Review text

An \(L\)-embedded Banach space \(X\) admits, by definition, an \(\ell_1\)-direct decomposition of the bidual space \(X^{**}= X \oplus_1 X_s\). Applying the Ryll-Nardzewski fixed point theorem, the authors prove the following result: Let \(X\) be an \(L\)-embedded Banach space and \(A\subset X\) be a bounded subset. Then there is a point in \(X\) fixed by every affine isometric mapping that preserves \(A\). Moreover, one can find such a fixed point that minimises \(\sup\{\|x-a\|: a\in A\}\) over all \(x\in X\). Applying this innocent looking theorem to \(X=L_1(G)\) the authors essentially deduce in just a few lines the solution of the derivation problem for group algebras, originally due to \textit{V.~Losert} [``The derivation problem for group algebras, Ann.\ Math. (2) 168, No.~1, 221--246 (2008; Zbl 1171.43003)]. They also produce, by applying their theorem to the predual of a von Neumann algebra, a new proof of the fact that all \(C^*\)-algebras are weakly amenable, originally due to \textit{U.~Haagerup} [``All nuclear \(C*\)-algebras are amenable, Invent.\ Math.\ 74, 305--319 (1983; Zbl 0529.46041)]. Further, a new characterisation of Kazhdan groups is presented.

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• [[:Publication:6998100|Triviality of outer derivations in \(Template:\ell_p(G)\) for one class of groups]]
• Uniform waist inequalities in codimension two for manifolds with Kazhdan fundamental group
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