scientific article; zbMATH DE number 2051047

The highly appreciable note under review deals with estimates on maxima of subsolutions of scalar fully nonlinear nondegenerate elliptic equations of the form \(F(x,u,Du,D^2u)=f(x)\) in a bounded domain \(\Omega\in {\mathbb R}^n,\) and its parabolic version \(u_t+ F(x,t,u,Du,D^2u)=f(x,t)\) in \(Q=\Omega\times(-T,0].\) Precisely, let \(S(n)\) be the set of real symmetric \(n\times n\) matrices. Suppose \(F\colon\;Q\times {\mathbb R}\times {\mathbb R}^n\times S(n)\to {\mathbb R}\) satisfies the structure condition \[ \left\{\begin{aligned} F(x,t,r,p,X)\;&\text{is\;nondecreasing\;in\;} r,\;F(x,t,0,0,0)=0,\;\text{and}\cr & {\mathcal P}^-(X-Y)-\gamma| p-q| -\omega(| s-r| )\\ &\qquad \leq F(x,t,r,p,X)-F(x,t,s,q,Y)\\ & \qquad\qquad \leq {\mathcal P}^+(X-Y)+\gamma| p-q| +\omega(| s-r| )\end{aligned} \right. \tag{SC} \] for \(r,s\in{\mathbb R},\) \(p,q\in {\mathbb R}^n,\) \(X,Y\in S(n),\) for some \(\lambda,\Lambda>0,\) \(\gamma\geq0\) and modulus of continuity \(\omega,\) where \({\mathcal P}^\pm\) are the Pucci extremal operators given by \[ {\mathcal P}^-(X)=-\Lambda\, \text{trace\,}(X^+)+\lambda\, \text{trace\,}(X^-),\qquad {\mathcal P}^+(X)=\Lambda\, \text{trace\,}(X^-)-\lambda\, \text{trace\,}(X^+), \] for \(X\in S(n)\) and \(\text{trace\,}(X^\pm)\) is the sum of the positive/negative eigenvalues of \(X.\) Consider the problems \[ \text{(i)}\quad {\mathcal P}^-(D^2)\leq f(x),\qquad \text{(ii)}\quad {\mathcal P}^-(D^2)-\gamma| Du| \leq f(x), \tag{1} \] and \[ \text{(i)}\quad u_t+{\mathcal P}^-(D^2)\leq f(x,t),\qquad \text{(ii)}\;u_t+{\mathcal P}^-(D^2)-\gamma| Du| \leq f(x,t). \tag{2} \] It is known that there exists an exponent \(p_0=p_0(n,\Lambda/\lambda),\) \(p_0\in [n/2,n),\) such that for \(p>p_0\) there is a constant \(C=C(n,\lambda,\Lambda,p)\) such that if \(f\in L^p(\Omega)\) and \(u\in W^{2,p}(\Omega)\cap C(\overline\Omega)\) is a strong solution of \((1)\,\text{(i)}\) then \[ \max_{\overline\Omega} u\leq \max_{\partial\Omega} u + C(\text{diam\,}(\Omega))^{2-n/p}\left( \int_\Omega (f^+)^p\, dx\right)^{1/p}. \tag{3} \] Similarly, there is a \(q_0=q_0(n,\Lambda/\lambda)\) satisfying \(q_0\in [(n+2)/2,n+1),\) such that for \(q>q_0\) there is a constant \(C=C(n,\lambda,\Lambda,q)\) such that if \(f\in L^q(Q)\) and \(u\in W^{2,1,q}(Q)\cap C(\overline Q)\) is a strong solution of \((2)\,\text{(i)}\) then \[ \max_{\overline Q} u\leq \max_{\partial_P Q} u + C(\text{diam\,}(Q))^{2-(n+2)/q}\left( \int_Q (f^+)^q\,dx\,dt\right)^{1/q}, \tag{4} \] where \(\partial_PQ\) is the parabolic boundary of \(Q.\) The main results of the paper can be summarized as follows: \leftskip=18pt \begin{itemize}\item[1.] There is a constant \(C=C(n,\lambda,\Lambda,p,\gamma\, \text{diam\,}\Omega)\) such that \((3)\) holds for strong solutions \(u\in W^{2,p}(\Omega)\cap C(\overline\Omega)\) of \((1)\,\text{(ii)}\) when \(p>p_0.\) \item[2.] Suppose (SC). Then there is a constant \(C=C(n,\lambda,\Lambda,p,\gamma\,\text{diam\,}\Omega)\) such that if \(u\in C(\overline\Omega)\) is an \(L^p\)-viscosity solution of \(F(x,u,Du,D^2u)\leq f(x)\) in \(\Omega\) then \[ \max_{\overline\Omega} u\leq \max_{\partial\Omega} u^+ + C(\text{diam\,}(\Omega))^{2-n/p}\left( \int_\Omega (f^+)^p\,dx\right)^{1/p}. \] \item[3.] There is a constant \(C=C(n,\lambda,\Lambda,q,\gamma\, \text{diam\,} Q)\) such that \((4)\) holds for strong solutions \(u\in W^{2,1,q}(Q)\cap C(\overline Q)\) of \((2)\,\text{(ii)}\) when \(q>q_0.\) \item[4.] Suppose (SC). Then there is a constant \(C=C(n,\lambda,\Lambda,q,\gamma\,\text{diam\,}Q)\) such that if \(u\in C(\overline\Omega)\) is an \(L^q\)-viscosity solution of \(u_t+F(x,t,u,Du,D^2u)\leq f(x,t)\) in \(Q\) then \[ \max_{\overline Q} u\leq \max_{\partial_P Q} u^+ + C(\text{diam\,}(Q))^{2-(n+2)/q}\left( \int_Q (f^+)^q\,dx\,dt\right)^{1/q}. \] \end{itemize} For the entire collection see [Zbl 1027.00022].

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