Collapsing functions
A function \(h:\omega_1\to\omega_1\) is called a collapsing function for \(\lambda\) iff for all \(\beta< \lambda\) there exists a club \(C\subseteq P_{\omega_1}(\beta)\) such that for all \(X\in C\), \(h(X\cap \omega_1)> \text{ot}(X)\). It is shown that if there exists a collapsing function for \((2^{\omega_1})^+\), then there is no precipitous ideal on \(\omega_1\). For a function \(h: \omega_1\to \omega_1\) and a cardinal \(\eta\) it is said that \(\eta\) is \(h\)-weakly \(\omega_1\)-Erdős iff for all structures (in a countable first-order language) \({\mathfrak R}\) with universe \(\eta\), there exists a set of ordinal indiscernibles \(I\) for \({\mathfrak R}\) such that if \(X\) is the elementary hull of \(I\) in \({\mathfrak R}\), then \(\text{ot}(I)\geq h(X\cap \omega_1)\). A cardinal \(\eta\) is called weakly \(\omega_1\)-Erdős iff \(\eta\) is \(h\)-weakly \(\omega_1\)-Erdős for all functions \(h\) on \(\omega_1\). The authors prove the following results: Let \(L[E]\) be an extender model with the property that if \(M\) is a countable premouse and there exists an elementary embedding from \(M\) to a level of \(L[E]\), then \(M\) is \((\omega_1+ 1)\)-iterable. Let \(\lambda\) be strictly less than any weakly \(\omega_1\)-Erdős cardinal of \(L[E]\). Then \(L[E]\models\) ``there is a collapsing function for \(\lambda\). Let \({\mathcal E}(\omega_1)\) be the least \(\omega_1\)-Erdős cardinal. Let \({\mathcal C}(\omega_1)\) be the least \(\lambda\) such that the Chang property \((\lambda, \omega_1)\twoheadrightarrow (\omega_1,\omega)\) holds. Let \(L[E]\) be an extender model with the property that if \(M\) is a premouse of cardinality \(\omega_1\) and there exists an elementary embedding from \(M\) into a level of \(L[E]\), then \(M\) is \((\omega_2+1)\)-iterable. Then \(L[E]\models{\mathcal C}(\omega_1)= {\mathcal E}(\omega_1)\).
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