A remark on the Riemann-Hilbert problem with a vanishing coefficient
Let \(\varphi\), \(\psi\) be functions in the Hardy-space \(H^p\) for the unit disc and \(\varphi^*(t_0\), \(\psi^*(t_0)\) the corresponding non-tangential boundary values at \(e^{it_0}\). The author considers the following Riemann-Hilbert problem (RHP) \[ \varphi^*= a\overline{\psi^*}\tag{1} \] with a given continuous function \(a\) and a searched function \(\varphi,\psi\in H^p\). Having in mind the theory of Stokes waves then the function \(a\) has to be a Hölder-continuous function with zeros. Main results are formulated in some theorems: 1. Let \(a\in C^\mu_{2\pi}\), \(\mu\in (0,1)\), the function a changes sign, then (1) has no nontrivial solutions for \(p\geq {2\over 1+\mu}\). 2. Let \(a\in C^\mu_{2\pi}\), \(a(t_0)= 0\) for some \(t_0\in [0,2\pi]a\neq 0\). Then (1) has no nontrivial solution for \(p>{2\over \mu}\). If \(a\) is complex valued, then the argument of a can have jumps. The author studies the influence of jumps to the solvability of the RHP formulated above.
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