scientific article; zbMATH DE number 2057288

Publication date 15 March 2004

Full work available at URL https://eudml.org/doc/123764, http://www.emis.de/journals/AASF/Vol27/chiang.html

Value distribution of meromorphic functions of one complex variable, Nevanlinna theory (30D35) Entire and meromorphic solutions to ordinary differential equations in the complex domain (34M05) Oscillation, growth of solutions to ordinary differential equations in the complex domain (34M10)

Review text

The paper is devoted to the complex oscillation of nontrivial solutions of \(f+A(z)f=0\), where \(A(z)=B(e^z)\), while \(B(\zeta)=g_1(1/\zeta)+g_2(\zeta)\), \(g_1,g_2\) are entire functions. Based on previous results by the second author in [Proc. Edinb. Math. Soc., II. Ser. 33, No. 1, 143--158 (1990; Zbl 0661.34031)], it has been conjectured that for every nontrivial solution \(f\) of \(f+A(z)f=0\), the exponent of convergence for zeros, \(\lambda(f)\), would be infinite, provided \(B(\zeta)=g(\zeta)+\sum_{j=1}^p b_{-j}\zeta^{-j}\), \(p\) an odd positive integer and \(g\) entire of finite order \(\rho(g)\notin\mathbb{N}\). The conjecture will be proved in this paper. Actually, what will be proved is the stronger conclusion: \(\log^+ N(r,1/f)\neq o(r)\). In addition to verifying this conjecture, some perturbation results for \(f+(A(z)+\pi(z))f=0\), \(A(z)\), \(\pi(z)\) periodic, will be proved. As an example, let \(g(\zeta)\) be transcendental entire of integer order \(\rho(g)\), \(C(\zeta)\not\equiv0\) entire, \(\rho(C)<\rho(g)\), and let \(A(z)=B(e^z)\), \(B(\zeta)=\sum_{j=1}^pb_{-j}\zeta^{-j}+g(\zeta)\), \(p\in\mathbb{N}\) odd and \(\pi(z)=C(e^z)\). If now \(f+A(z)f=0\) admits a nontrivial solution \(f\) with \(\lambda(f)<+\infty\), then any nontrivial solution \(h\) of \(f+(A(z)+\pi(z))=0\) must have \(\lambda(h)=+\infty\). The reviewer proposes to point out an additional interesting aspect of this excellent paper, namely, the short but useful analysis of order and exponent of convergence for entire functions of type \(A(e^z)\), and the related remarks about the Nevanlinna theory in \(| z| >R_0>0\). As to the last issue, see also \textit{S. B. Bank} and \textit{I. Laine} [J. Reine Angew. Math. 344, 1--21 (1983; Zbl 0524.34007)], the first paper to consider the oscillation theory of \(f+B(e^z)f=0\) in the complex plane.

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