scientific article; zbMATH DE number 2062985
The following problem is studied (all variables are nondimensional) \[ \begin{aligned} a_t=a_{xx}-[\chi(a)ap_x]_x,&\quad0<x<1,\;0<t<\tau\\ p_{xx}=-ka,&\quad0<x<1,\;0<t<\tau\\ p_x(0,t)=0,&\quad 0<t<\tau\\ p(1,t)=0,&\quad0<t<\tau\\ a(x,0)=a_0(x),&\quad0\leq a_0(x)\leq 1,\;0<x<1 \end{aligned} \] where \(\chi(a)=0\) for \(a>1,\) \(\chi(a)=1\) for \(a\in [0,1), \chi(1)\in[0,1]\). The quantity \(a\) represents the concentration of a species emitting a self-attractor \(p\). The chemotactic current is \(\chi (a) ap_x\) and the choice of \(\chi(a)\) is compatible with the imposed constraint \(a\leq1\), which is a way of introducing the effect of the finite extension of the individuals in the population. In place of \((1)\) the authors consider a weaker version for the unknown \(G(x,t)=\int^x_0 a(x',t)\,dx'\), satisfying a nonlinear parabolic problem (in which \(\chi(Gx)\) is not differentiated). \(G\) is required to belong to \(W^{2,1}_2((0,1)\times (0,\tau))\). Existence is proved via regularization and compactness, along with some monotonicity property. Monotone dependence on the data implies uniqueness. The stationary problem for \(G\) can be solved explicitly, provided that the total biomass \(M\) is less than some computable \(M_0(k)\). Convergence of \(G(x,t)\) to the stationary solution as \(t\to +\infty\) is also proved. Finally, the classical version of the problem is studied, where the region \(\{a=1\}\) has a sharp free boundary \(x=R(t)\), bearing the conditions \(a(R(t),t)=1,\,\,\,a_x(R(t)+,t)=-kR(t)\). The existence of a smooth free boundary is proved and some additional estimates (small time behaviour, bounds on \(\dot{R}\), etc.) are obtained.
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