scientific article; zbMATH DE number 2068677
It was 1951 when Mostowski published an article in which the notion of validity was modified to take into account the empty domain also. The author calls this logic LM, while the logic for non-empty domains only LP. ``To do honor to the memory of A. Mostowski on the fiftieth anniversary of [the] creation by him the logic LM is a purpose of this paper, according to the author. He presents LM, following \textit{A. Grzegorczyk} [An outline of mathematical logic. Fundamental results and notions explained with all details. Translated from the original Polish by Olgierd Wojtasiewicz and Wacław Zawadowski. Dordrecht: D. Reidel Publishing Company; Warszawa: PWN-Polish Scientific Publishers (1974; Zbl 0287.02001), particularly, \S I.6.]. LM consists of 11 axiom schemes and only one rule of inference, detachment (= modus ponens). By adding the scheme \(\exists x(P(x)\to P(x))\), one obtains LP. The author presents two other formulations of LM. The second one is stream-lined: it has only 5 schemes. In establishing the equivalences of these formulations, he also shows that two of Grzegorczyk's schemes are derivable from others. The author does not compare, even mention, the logic with the existence predicate that is presented by \textit{A. S. Troelstra} and \textit{D. van Dalen} [Constructivism in mathematics. An introduction. Volume I. Amsterdam: North-Holland (1988; Zbl 0653.03040)].
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