scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1515887

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Publication:4508969





The author proves fixed point properties of maps on Orlicz spaces under conditions on the asymptotic behavior of Lipschitz constants of powers of the map. Let \(X\) be a Banach space and \(C\) be a subset of \(X\). If \(T:C \rightarrow C\), its Lipschitz constant is \[ |T|= \sup \left \{ \frac{\|Tx - Ty\|}{\|x - y\|} : x, y \in C,\;x \neq y \right \}, \] and \(s(T) = \liminf_n |T^n|\). A mapping \(T\) is asymptotically regular if \(\lim_n \|T^{n +1}x - T^nx\|= 0\), for all \(x \in C\). If \(X\) is a Banach space with a topology \(\tau, X\) has the \(\tau\)-fixed point property (\(\tau\)-FPP) if every non-expansive mapping \(T\) defined on a convex bounded \(\tau\) sequentially compact subset onto itself has a fixed point. The conditions imposed on Orlicz functions are: \(\Phi:[0,\infty) \rightarrow 0,\infty)\) is an Orlicz function if \(\Phi(0) = 0\), and \(\lim_{x \rightarrow \infty} \Phi(x) = +\infty\). \(\Phi\) is an \(N\)-function if \(\Phi(x) >0\) for all \(x > 0\), and it satisfies \(\lim_{x \rightarrow 0+} \frac{\Phi(x)}{x} = 0\) and \(\lim_{x \rightarrow \infty} \frac{\Phi(x)}{x} = +\infty\). Finally, \(\Phi\) satisfies the \(\Delta_2\)-condition if there is a constant \(K > 0\) such that \(\Phi(2x) \leq K \Phi(x)\) for all \(x > 0\). For an Orlicz function, if \((\Omega, \Sigma, \mu)\) is a measure space, then the Orlicz space is \[ L_{\Phi}(\mu) = \left\{f:\Omega \rightarrow \widetilde R: \text{ measurable},\;int_{\Omega} \Phi(\alpha |f|) d\mu < +\infty \text{ for some } alpha >0 \right\}, \] and there are two possible norms on this space, the Luxemburg norm \[ N_{\Phi} (f) = \inf \left\{ \alpha >0: \int_{\Omega} \Phi \left( |f|/\alpha \right) d\mu \leq 1 \right\} \] and the Orlicz norm \[ \|f\|_{\Phi} = \sup \left\{ \int_{\Omega} |fg|d\mu : \int_{\Omega}\Phi^*(|g|) d\mu \leq 1 \right\} \] where the function \(\Phi^*\) is defined by the formula \(\Phi^*(u) = \sup\{uv - \Phi(v): v \geq 0 \}\). If \(\Phi\) is an \(N\)-function, the Orlicz norm can also be computed by \[ \|f\|_{\Phi} = \inf \left\{ \frac 1k \left( 1 + \int_{\Omega} \Phi(k |f|) d\mu \right) : k > 0 \right\} \] where it can be shown that the infimum is attained. The fixed point property is considered for the topology of convergence locally in measure (clm), a topology associated with a \(\sigma\)-finite partition on the measure space. It is defined by the metric \[ d(f,g) = \sum_{n = 1}^{\infty} \frac 1{2^n} \frac 1{\mu(\Omega_n)} \int_{\Omega_n} \frac{|f -g|}{1 + |f -g|} d\mu. \] Let \(\{\Omega_n \}\) be a \(\sigma\)-finite partition of \(\Omega\). For every \(n \in N\) we define \[ C_ {\Phi}(n) = \inf \left\{ c_f>0: \exists f \in L_{\Phi}(\mu), N_{\Phi}(f) \geq 1, I_{\Phi}(f/c_f) = 1/2, \text{supp } f \subset\bigcup_{k = 1}^n \Omega_i \right\} \] and \(D_{\Phi} = \lim_n C_{\Phi}(n)\), Similarly for a \(N\)-function \(\Phi\) satisfying the \(\Delta_2\)-condition, let \(\{\Omega_n \}\) be a \(\sigma\)-finite partition of \(\Omega\). For every \(k \geq 1\) and \(n \in N\) we define \[ C_{\Phi}(k,n) = \inf \left\{c_{k,f}>0: \exists f \in L_{\Phi}(\mu), \|f\|_{\Phi} \geq 1,\;I_{\Phi}(kf/c_{k,f}) = (k-1)/2, \text{supp }f \subset\bigcup_{k = 1}^n \Omega_i \right\} \] and \(O_{\Phi}(k) = \lim_n C_{\Phi}(k,n)\) and \(O_{\Phi}= \inf \{ O_{\Phi}(k): k > 1 \}\). The two main results are the following. If \(\Phi\) is an Orlicz function satisfying the \(\Delta_2\)-condition, \(C\) is a bounded convex clm compact subset of \((L_{\Phi}(\mu), N_{\Psi}(\cdot))\) such that \(T:C \rightarrow C\) is asymptotically regular, then if \(s(T) <D_{\Phi}, T\) has a fixed point. The result fails for weakly compact subsets. Similarly, if \(\Phi \) is a \(N\)-function satisfying the \(\Delta_2\)-condition, \(C\) is a bounded convex clm compact subset of \((L_{\Phi}(\mu), N_{\Psi}(\cdot))\) such that \(T:C \rightarrow C\) is asymptotically regular, then if \(s(T) <O_{\Phi}, T\) has a fixed point. The author applies these results to prove stability results for the fixed point property. For example, let \(\Phi\) be an Orlicz function satisfying the \(\Delta_2\)-condition and \(|\cdot |\) is a norm on \(L_{\Phi}(\mu)\) such that \(|f|\leq N_{\Phi} (f) \leq d|f|\). If \(d < D_{\Phi}\), \(Y = (L_{\Phi}(\mu), |\cdot |)\) has the clm-FPP. For the entire collection see [Zbl 0943.00053].











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