scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1522537

Let \(K\) be an algebraic number field with discriminant \(D_K\). Denote by \(x\mapsto x^{(i)}\) \((i=1,\ldots ,n)\) the \({\mathbb Q}\)-isomorphisms of \(K\) into \({\mathbb C}\), where \(x\mapsto x^{(1)}\) is the identity. Let \(\alpha_1,\ldots ,\alpha_m\) be elements of \(K\) which are linearly independent over \({\mathbb Q}\). Write \(L({\mathbf X})=\alpha_1X_1+\cdots +\alpha_mX_m\), \(L^{(i)}({\mathbf X})=\alpha_1^{(i)}X_1+\cdots +\alpha_m^{(i)}X_m\) \((i=1,\ldots,n)\). Define the discriminant form associated to \(L\), \[ D_{K/{\mathbb Q}}(L({\mathbf X}))= \prod_{1\leq i<j\leq n}(L^{(i)}({\mathbf X})-L^{(j)}({\mathbf X}))^2. \] In the special case that \(m=n-1\) and that \(1,\alpha_1,\ldots,\alpha_{n-1}\) form a basis of \(K\) over \({\mathbb Q}\), there is a polynomial \(I({\mathbf X})\) with rational coefficients such that \(D_{K/{\mathbb Q}}(L({\mathbf X}))=I({\mathbf X})^2D_K\) called the index form associated to \(L\). The author gives an overview of old and recent results concerning discriminant form equations \(D_{K/{\mathbb Q}}(L({\mathbf x}))=D\) in \({\mathbf x}\in{\mathbb Z}^m\) and index form equations \(I({\mathbf x})=I\) in \({\mathbf x}\in{\mathbb Z}^{n-1}\). In particular he discusses effective bounds for the solutions, obtained by linear forms in logarithms estimates, algorithmic resolutions of discriminant form and index form equations, and explicit upper bounds for the number of solutions of such equations. The paper contains an ample bibliography. For the entire collection see [Zbl 0940.00025].

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