The normalizer of γ1(N) in psl2(R)

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Publication:4519213





The authors give in a very explicit form the \(2\times 2\) matrices which belong to the normalizer of the group \[ \Gamma_1(N)= \left\{\left( \begin{matrix} a & b\\ c & d\end{matrix} \right)\in\text{SL}_2(\mathbb{Z}) \left|\left(\begin{matrix} a & b\\ c & d\end{matrix}\right) \right.\equiv \left(\begin{matrix} 1& *\\ 0 & 1\end{matrix} \right) \text{mod} N\right\} \] in \(\text{PSL}_2(\mathbb{R})\). As a corollary they give, for \(N\geq 4\), the order of the group of automorphisms of \(Y_1(N)=Y (\Gamma_1 (N))\).











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