scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1746626

Authors

Publication date 5 June 2002

complex function theory trigonometric sum

Power series (including lacunary series) in one complex variable (30B10) Probability distributions: general theory (60E05)

Review text

Based on simple facts of Cauchy distributions and characteristic functions, the author derives some useful formulas for trigonometric sums. It is known that \[ \sum_{j=1}^n (-1)^j{(2n)!\over (n-j)!(n+j)!}\cos j\theta =2^{2n-1}\sin ^{2n}(\theta /2)-{1 \over 2}{2n \choose n} \] and the curve of the trigonometric sum can be guessed from its right hand side. However, one cannot guess how a curve of the following trigonometric sum does like \[ \sum_{j=1}^n (-1)^j{(2n)!\over (n-j)!(n+j)!}\sin j\theta \] and the appropriate formula to guess the curve of the above trigonometric sum by itself has not been known. The main result is that there exists the equality \[ \sum_{j=1}^n (-1)^j{(2n)!\over (n-j)!(n+j)!}\sin j\theta =-(c_0^n+c_1^ny^2+\cdots +c_{n-1}^ny^{2(n-1)}\sin \theta), \] where \(c_0^n\), \(c_1^n\),\dots, \(c_{n-1}^n\) are positive constants and \(y=\sin (\theta /2)\), and \(c_0^n=(2n-2)!/\{(n-1)!\}^2\), \(c_k^n=4c_{k-1}^{n-1}\) (\(k=1,2,\dots ,n-1\)) hold. It is easy to see from the right hand side of the latter that the sum is negative on \((0,\pi)\) and takes zero at \(k\pi \) when \(k\) is an integer.

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