scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1746537

Geometric theory, characteristics, transformations in context of PDEs (35A30) Solutions to PDEs in closed form (35C05) PDEs in connection with fluid mechanics (35Q35)

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The aim of the article is to find certain classes of explicit solutions to the equation \[ \psi_{xx} + \psi_{zz} = Fz + G \] which describes plane stationary flows of a stratified fluid. Here \(F\) and \(G\) are smooth functions in \(\psi\). To solve the problem the author uses the method of generalized separation of variables. As a result, the author proves the following classification theorem: The above-mentioned equation which admits generalized separation of variables can be reduced by equivalence transformations to one of the following equations: \[ \begin{gathered} \psi_{xx} + \psi_{zz} = \psi\ln\psi + b\psi z,\\ \psi_{xx} + \psi_{zz} = \sin\psi + k\left(\cos\psi + \cos\frac{\psi}{2}\right) z,\\ \psi_{xx} + \psi_{zz} = \sinh\psi + k\left(\cosh\psi \pm \cosh\frac{\psi}{2}\right) z,\\ \psi_{xx} + \psi_{zz} = 2\tau\tau/\tau^{\prime 3} - 1/\tau' - 2\tau/\tau^{\prime 3}z, \end{gathered} \] where \(b\), \(k\) are real numbers and \(\tau(\psi)\) is an arbitrary function.

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