Nonequivalent statistical equilibrium ensembles and refined stability theorems for most probable flows

DOI10.1088/0951-7715/15/2/302zbMATH Open1068.76041arXivmath-ph/0012022OpenAlexW2169269653WikidataQ61387119 ScholiaQ61387119MaRDI QIDQ4533434FDOQ4533434

Authors: Richard S. Ellis, Kyle Haven, Bruce Turkington 

Publication date: 11 June 2002

Published in: Nonlinearity (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: Statistical equilibrium models of coherent structures in two-dimensional and barotropic quasi-geostrophic turbulence are formulated using canonical and microcanonical ensembles, and the equivalence or nonequivalence of ensembles is investigated for these models. The main results show that models in which the global invariants are treated microcanonically give richer families of equilibria than models in which they are treated canonically. Such global invariants are those conserved quantities for ideal dynamics which depend on the large scales of the motion; they include the total energy and circulation. For each model a variational principle that characterizes its equilibrium states is derived by invoking large deviations techniques to evaluate the continuum limit of the probabilistic lattice model. An analysis of the two different variational principles resulting from the canonical and microcanonical ensembles reveals that their equilibrium states coincide only when the microcanonical entropy function is concave. These variational principles also furnish Lyapunov functionals from which the nonlinear stability of the mean flows can be deduced. While in the canonical model the well-known Arnold stability theorems are reproduced, in the microcanonical model more refined theorems are obtained which extend known stability criteria when the microcanonical and canonical ensembles are not equivalent. A numerical example pertaining to geostrophic turbulence over topography in a zonal channel is included to illustrate the general results.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/math-ph/0012022

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Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Stochastic analysis applied to problems in fluid mechanics (76M35) Continuum models (systems of particles, etc.) arising in equilibrium statistical mechanics (82B21) Stability and instability of geophysical and astrophysical flows (76E20) Statistical turbulence modeling (76F55) Meteorology and atmospheric physics (86A10)

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