Multi-pulse homoclinic loops in systems with a smooth first integral
Consider even dimensional vector fields with a first integral, such as Hamiltonian systems. Assume that the system has a saddle fixed point with real principal eigenvalues and a homoclinic orbit. An infinity of homoclinic orbits can occur when there exists, in the level set of the first integral that contains the homoclinic loop, heteroclinic connections between the saddle fixed point and a periodic orbit. This was described by \textit{L. P. Shilnikov} and \textit{D. Turaev} [Sov. Math. Dokl. 39, No. 1, 165-168 (1989; Zbl 0689.58013)]. In this paper it is shown that such situations occur in unfoldings of orbit flip bifurcations, which in this context is a codimension one bifurcation where the homoclinic loop is contained in the strong (un)stable manifold of the saddle fixed point. The consequences of the simultaneous existence of super homoclinic orbits (that is, `homoclinic to homoclinic' orbits) is also investigated. For the entire collection see [Zbl 0968.00013].
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