Stochastic reduction in nonlinear quantum mechanics
Brownian stochastic integralcomplex structureholomorphic sectional curvatureKähler diffusionnonlinear quantum mechanicsquantum measurementstochastic differential geometrysymplectic structure
NLS equations (nonlinear Schrödinger equations) (35Q55) Diffusion processes and stochastic analysis on manifolds (58J65) Stochastic integrals (60H05) Stochastic ordinary differential equations (aspects of stochastic analysis) (60H10) Quantum measurement theory, state operations, state preparations (81P15) Stochastic mechanics (including stochastic electrodynamics) (81P20) Quantum stochastic calculus (81S25)
In the generalization of quantum mechanics to nonlinear observables proposed by \textit{T. W. B. Kibble} [Commun. Math. Phys. 65, No. 2, 189-201 (1979; Zbl 0412.58006)], the state space is a general Kähler manifold \({\mathcal M}\) with metric \(g_{ab}\), symplectic structure \(\omega_{ab}\) and complex structure \(J_b^a\), and a real function \(F\) on \({\mathcal M}\) is said to be an observable if the Hamiltonian vector field \(w^{ab}\nabla_b F\) is an isometry. In this framework, the Schrödinger evolution of standard quantum mechanics has been generalized by \textit{L. P. Hughston} [Proc. R. Soc. Lond., Ser. A 452, No. 1947, 953-979 (1996; Zbl 0985.81015)] to a stochastic process \((x_t)\) on the nonlinear quantum state manifold \({\mathcal M}\) whose dynamical trajectories \((x_t)\) are governed by a stochastic differential equation of the form \[ dx_t^a = (2\omega^{ab}\nabla_b H - \tfrac 14 \sigma^2 \nabla^a V^H) dt + \sigma \nabla^a H dW_t, \] where \(V^H = g^{ab}\nabla_aF\nabla_bF\) is the dispersion associated with \(H\). In the paper under review, the authors show that the Hamiltonian process \((H_t) = (H(x_t))\) is a martingale which has a stochastic representation as the Brownian stochastic integral of \((V_t) = (V^H(x_t))\). This property is interpreted as a conservation of the energy of the system in a weak sense. A positivity condition on the holomorphic sectional curvature \({\mathcal K}_H\) of \({\mathcal M}\) is obtained for the wave function collapse, i.e. in order to have the \(\lim_{t\to \infty} V_t = 0\). A bound for the terminal energy variance \(E[(H_t - H_0)^2]\) and several properties of observables commuting with the Hamiltonian are also obtained.
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