scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1789885

Publication date 9 September 2003

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0304395

\(L\)-capacity potential \(m\)-harmonic capacity definition of regularity Dirichlet problem elliptic differential operator potential-theoretic Bessel capacity variational problem

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Potentials and capacity, harmonic measure, extremal length and related notions in two dimensions (31A15) Potentials and capacities, extremal length and related notions in higher dimensions (31B15) Higher-order elliptic equations (35J30) Boundary value problems for higher-order elliptic equations (35J40)

Review text

The author considers the following Dirichlet problem \[ L (\partial) u=f,\;f\in C^\infty_0 (\Omega),\;u\in {\overset\circ H}{^m} (\Omega), \tag{1} \] where \(L(\partial)\) is an elliptic differential operator of order \(2m\) in the Euclidean space \(\mathbb{R}^n\) with constant real coefficients, i.e., \[ L(\partial)= (-1)^m\sum_{|\alpha|= |\beta|=m} a_{\alpha \beta} \partial^{\alpha+ \beta}, \] here, \(\partial\) denotes the gradient \((\partial_{x_1},\dots, \partial_{x_n})\), \(a_{\alpha\beta}= a_{\beta\alpha}\), \((-1)^mL(\xi)>0\), \(\xi\in\mathbb{R}^n \setminus\{0\}\), \(\Omega\) is an open set in \(\mathbb{R}^n\), and \(\overset\circ H^m(\Omega)\) is the completion of \(C_0^\infty (\Omega)\) in the energy norm. He introduces the following definition of regularity (which is equivalent to that given by Wiener in the case \(m=1)\): A point \(x_0\in \partial\Omega\) is called regular with respect to \(L(\partial)\) if for any \(f\in C_0^\infty (\Omega)\) the solution of (1) satisfies \(\lim_{\Omega \ni x\to x_0}u(x)=0\), and states the following two theorems: I: Let \(2m=n\). Then \(x_0\) is regular with resepct to \(L(\partial)\) if and only if \(\int_0^1 C_{2m} (B_\rho \setminus\Omega) \rho^{-1}d\rho= \infty\); II: Let \(n>2m\) and let \(L(\partial)\) be positive with weight \(F\), that means \[ \int_{\mathbb{R}^n} L( \partial)u(x) \cdot u(x)F(x)dx\geq c\sum^m_{k=1} \int_{\mathbb{R}^n}\bigl|\nabla_k u(x)\bigr|^2|x|^{2k-m} dx \] for all real-valued \(u\in C_0^\infty(\mathbb{R}^n\setminus\{x_0\})\). Then \(x_0\) is regular with respect to \(L(\partial)\) if and only if \[ \int^1_0 C_{2m}(B_\rho\setminus\Omega)\rho^{2m-n-1} d\rho=\infty, \] here \(C_{2m}\) is the potential-theoretic Bessel capacity of order \(2m\). Additionally, several unsolved problems are presented at the end of the note. For the entire collection see [Zbl 0993.00023].

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