scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1797885

Publication date 9 September 2002

Alexiewicz norm Henstock-Kurzweil integral locally convex vector space

Research exposition (monographs, survey articles) pertaining to real functions (26-02) Denjoy and Perron integrals, other special integrals (26A39) Research exposition (monographs, survey articles) pertaining to measure and integration (28-02)

Review text

This monograph considers the topology on spaces of integrable functions defined by various types of Riemann sums. Once a type of admissible Riemann sum is defined, a space of integrable functions \({\mathcal Y}\) is determined. A convergence process \({\mathbb{E}}_{\mathcal Y}\) is defined on the primitives \({\mathcal P}_{\mathcal Y}\). There is a unique topology \({\mathcal U}_{LC}({\mathbb{E}}_{\mathcal Y})\) that is the finest locally convex topology such that every \({\mathbb{E}}_{\mathcal Y}\)-convergent sequence is also convergent in \(({\mathcal P}_{\mathcal Y},{\mathcal U}_{LC}({\mathbb{E}}_{\mathcal Y}))\). [See the author's earlier book: \textit{J. Kurzweil}, ``Henstock-Kurzweil integration, its relation to topological vector spaces (2000; Zbl 0954.28001).] The main thrust of the book under review is to investigate the completeness of \(({\mathcal P}_{\mathcal Y},{\mathcal U}_{LC}({\mathbb{E}}_{\mathcal Y}))\). The setting is a compact interval \(I\subset\mathbb{R}\). A \textit{partition} of \(I\) is a set \(\Delta=\{(t_i,A_i);i=1,\dots,k\}\) for some \(k\in\mathbb{N}\) such that for all \(1\leq i\leq k\) we have \(t_i\in A_i\), \(A_i\) is a finite union of closed intervals (a \textit{figure}), and \(\cup_{i=1}^k A_i=I\) where \(i\not=j\) implies \(|I_i\cap I_j|=0\) (Lebesgue measure). If a \textit{gauge} \(\delta:I\to(0,\infty)\) is given then \(\Delta\) is said to be \(\delta\)-fine if \(A\subset(t-\delta(t), t+\delta(t))\) for all \((t,A)\in\Delta\). The function \(f:I\to\mathbb{R}\) is Lebesgue integrable with integral \(\gamma\in\mathbb{R}\) if for all \(\varepsilon>0\) there is a gauge function \(\delta\) such that \(|\sum_{i=i}^k f(t_i)|I_i|-\gamma|<\varepsilon\) whenever \(\{(t_i,I_i);i=1,\ldots,k\}\) is a \(\delta\)-fine partition of \(I\). Taking \(I_i\) to be an interval and restricting \(t_i\in I_i\) for each \(i\) yields the Henstock--Kurzweil integral. The Alexiewicz norm is defined by \(\|f\|= \sup_{A\subset I}|\int_A f|\) where the supremum is over all intervals \(A\subset I\). Let \({\mathcal HK}\) denote the space of all Henstock-Kurzweil integrable functions, normed with the Alexiewicz norm. This normed linear space is barreled but not complete. Various integration processes are considered that produce a space of integrable functions \({\mathcal Y}\) with \(L^1\subset{\mathcal Y}\subset{\mathcal HK}\). This is done by restricting the types of partitions allowed. For example, if the partitions used for the Lebesgue integral are restricted so that sum of distances between tags and their figures is also controlled, i.e., for all \(\eta>0\) we use partitions satisfying the gauge condition and also \(\sum_{i=1}^k\text{\text{ dist}}(t_i,I_i)<\eta\), then we obtain the \(C\) integral of B. Bongiorno et al. (see [\textit{B. Bongiorno}, Matematiche 51, No. 2, 299-313 (1996; Zbl 0929.26007)], and [\textit{B.~Bongiorno, L.~Di Piazza} and \textit{D.~Preiss}, J. Lond. Math. Soc., II. Ser. 62, No. 1, 117-126 (2000; Zbl 0980.26006)]. A different criterion on \(\text{\text{ dist}}(t_i,I_i)\) gives an integral considered by B. Bongiorno et al. and \textit{W. Pfeffer} [Commentat. Math. Univ. Carol. 33, No.~2, 189-196 (1992; Zbl 0776.26011)]. Another type of integral results from restricting the variation of \(\chi_{I_i}\), i.e., putting an upper bound on the minimum number of intervals making up each figure. Conditions are given under which the resulting space of integrable functions is incomplete. Various other properties, such as limit theorems, integration of derivatives and differentiation of integrals, are also considered. The list of references consists of those four mentioned above. There is a list of symbols and an index. The typesetting, printing and binding are of superior quality.

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