Homological equations for tensor fields and periodic averaging

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Abstract: Homological equations of tensor type associated to periodic flows on a manifold are studied. The Cushman intrinsic formula is generalized to the case of multivector fields and differential forms. Some applications to normal forms and the averaging method for perturbed Hamiltonian systems on slow-fast phase spaces are given.


The authors extend the so-called homological equation to arbitrary tensor fields on a manifold \(M\). Let us recall that given a vector field \(X\) on \(M\) whose flow is periodic with period function \(T : M \longrightarrow \mathbb R\), then given a function \(G \in C^{\infty}(M)\), there are smooth functions \(F\) and \(\tilde{G}\) satisfying the homological equation \[ {\mathcal L}_X \, F = G - \tilde{G} \] and the condition \[ {\mathcal L}_X \, \tilde{G} = 0. \] The key point to solve the above problem lies on the decomposition \[ C^{\infty}(M) = \text{Ker} \, {\mathcal L}_X \oplus \text{Im} \, {\mathcal L}_X \] The homological equation is important to study normal forms. In this paper, the authors discuss the above problem for arbitrary tensor fields \(F, G\) and \(\tilde{G}\), and obtain some generalizations to the case of multivector fields and differential forms.











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