Positivity of iterated sequences of polynomials

DOI10.1137/16M1101866MaRDI QIDQ4579952zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors Bao-Xuan Zhu

Publication date 10 August 2018

Published in SIAM Journal on Discrete Mathematics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1807.01062

zbMATH Keywords

\(k\)-\(q\)-log-convexity\(q\)-log-convexity\(r\)-order total positivitycontinued fractionlog-convexity

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Combinatorial inequalities (05A20) (q)-calculus and related topics (05A30) Recurrences (11B37) Special sequences and polynomials (11B83) Continued fractions; complex-analytic aspects (30B70)

Abstract: In this paper, we present some criteria for the $2$-$q$-log-convexity and $3$-$q$-log-convexity of combinatorial sequences, which can be regarded as the first column of certain infinite triangular array $[A_{n,k}(q){]}_{n,kgeq0}$ of polynomials in $q$ with nonnegative coefficients satisfying the recurrence relation ${\displaystyle }$A_{n,k}(q)=A_{n-1,k-1}(q)+g_k(q)A_{n-1,k}(q)+h_{k+1}(q)A_{n-1,k+1}(q).${\displaystyle }$ Those criterions can also be presented by continued fractions and generating functions. These allow a unified treatment of the $2$-$q$-log-convexity of alternating Eulerian polynomials, $2$-log-convexity of Euler numbers, and $3$-$q$-log-convexity of many classical polynomials, including the Bell polynomials, the Eulerian polynomials of Types $A$ and $B$, the $q$-Schr"{o}der numbers, $q$-central Delannoy numbers, the Narayana polynomials of Types $A$ and $B$, the generating functions of rows in the Catalan triangles of Aigner and Shapiro, the generating functions of rows in the large Schr"oder triangle, and so on, which extend many known results for $q$-log-convexity.

Recommendations

• Log-convexity and strong q--convexity for some triangular arrays
• \(q\)-log-convexity from linear transformations and polynomials with only real zeros
• On the log-convexity of combinatorial sequences
• A note on log-convexity of \(q\)-Catalan numbers
• Positivity of three-term recurrence sequences

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Cited in

(14)

• The Euler and Springer numbers as moment sequences
• Several continued fraction expansions of generalized Cauchy numbers
• Stieltjes moment properties and continued fractions from combinatorial triangles
• A generalized ordered Bell polynomial
• A generalized Eulerian triangle from staircase tableaux and tree-like tableaux
• Around the \(q\)-binomial-Eulerian polynomials
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• Positivity of continuous piecewise polynomials
• Positivity and continued fractions from the binomial transformation
• Total positivity from the exponential Riordan arrays
• Some results related to Hurwitz stability of combinatorial polynomials
• Coefficientwise total positivity and Stieltjes moment properties from Riordan arrays
• Stieltjes moment property of the generalized Eulerian polynomials
• On a Stirling-Whitney-Riordan triangle

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