Paths to uniqueness of critical points and applications to partial differential equations

DOI10.1090/TRAN/7231zbMATH Open1397.49027arXiv1607.05638OpenAlexW2964285221WikidataQ129757518 ScholiaQ129757518MaRDI QIDQ4580352FDOQ4580352

J. Földes, Denis Bonheure, Alberto Saldaña, Ederson Moreira dos Santos, Hugo Tavares

Publication date: 15 August 2018

Published in: Transactions of the American Mathematical Society (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We prove a unified and general criterion for the uniqueness of critical points of a functional in the presence of constraints such as positivity, boundedness, or fixed mass. Our method relies on convexity properties along suitable paths and significantly generalizes well-known uniqueness theorems. Due to the flexibility in the construction of the paths, our approach does not depend on the convexity of the domain and can be used to prove uniqueness in subsets, even if it does not hold globally. The results apply to all critical points and not only to minimizers, thus they provide uniqueness of solutions to the corresponding Euler-Lagrange equations. For functionals emerging from elliptic problems, the assumptions of our abstract theorems follow from maximum principles, decay properties, and novel general inequalities. To illustrate our method we present a unified proof of known results, as well as new theorems for mean-curvature type operators, fractional Laplacians, Hamiltonian systems, Schr"odinger equations, and Gross-Pitaevski systems.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.05638

zbMATH Keywords

nonconvex functionalsuniqueness of critical pointsuniqueness of positive solutions to elliptic equations and systems

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Schrödinger operator, Schrödinger equation (35J10) Positive solutions to PDEs (35B09) Second-order elliptic systems (35J47) Quasilinear elliptic equations (35J62) Variational inequalities (49J40) Optimality conditions for problems involving partial differential equations (49K20) Second-order elliptic equations (35J15)

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