Cyclotomic polynomials at roots of unity

Abstract: The

n^{t h}

cyclotomic polynomial

P h i_{n} (x)

is the minimal polynomial of an

n^{t h}

primitive root of unity. Hence

P h i_{n} (x)

is trivially zero at primitive

n^{t h}

roots of unity. Using finite Fourier analysis we derive a formula for

P h i_{n} (x)

at the other roots of unity. This allows one to explicitly evaluate

P h i_{n} (e^{2 p i i / m})

with

m i n 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12

. We use this evaluation with

m = 5

to give a simple reproof of a result of Vaughan (1975) on the maximum coefficient (in absolute value) of

P h i_{n} (x)

. We also obtain a formula for

P h {i_{n}}^{'} (e^{2 p i i / m}) / P h i_{n} (e^{2 p i i / m})

with

n e m

, which is effectively applied to

m i n 3, 4, 6

. Furthermore, we compute the resultant of two cyclotomic polynomials in a novel very short way.

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