Super convergence of ergodic averages for quasiperiodic orbits

DOI10.1088/1361-6544/AA99A0MaRDI QIDQ4606642zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Suddhasattwa Das, James A. Yorke

Publication date 8 March 2018

Published in Nonlinearity (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1506.06810

zbMATH Keywords

rotation numberquasiperiodicityBirkhoff ergodic theorem

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Ergodicity, mixing, rates of mixing (37A25) Dynamical aspects of measure-preserving transformations (37A05) Ergodic theorems, spectral theory, Markov operators (37A30)

Abstract: By definition, a map quasiperiodic on a set $X$ if the map is conjugate to a pure rotation. Suppose we have a trajectory $(x_n)$ that we suspect is quasiperiodic. How do we determine if it is? In this paper we show how to compute the conjugacy map using only knowledge of $(x_n)$. Our main tool is a variant of Birkhoff averages. The Birkhoff Ergodic Theorem asserts that time averages of a function evaluated along a trajectory of length $N$ converge to the space average, the integral of $f$, as $Noinfty$, for ergodic dynamical systems. But that convergence can be slow. Instead of uniform averages that assign equal weights to points along the trajectory, we use an average with a non-uniform distribution of weights, weighing the early and late points of the trajectory much less than those near the midpoint $N/2$. We show that in quasiperiodic dynamical systems, our weighted averages converge far faster provided $f$ is sufficiently differentiable. This result can be applied to obtain efficient numerical computation of rotation numbers, invariant densities and conjugacies of quasiperiodic systems.

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Cited in

(30)

• Summability and speed of convergence in an ergodic theorem
• Data-driven spectral analysis of the Koopman operator
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• Exponential convergence of the weighted Birkhoff average
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