Hamiltonian flows of Lorentzian polyhedra: Kapovich-Millson phase space and SU(1, 1) intertwiners

DOI10.1063/1.5048980MaRDI QIDQ4621256zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Etera R. Livine

Publication date 11 February 2019

Published in Journal of Mathematical Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1807.06848

zbMATH Keywords

quasi-local observables and holographic duality

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Exceptional (super)algebras (17B25) Applications of Lie (super)algebras to physics, etc. (17B81) Linear algebraic groups over the reals, the complexes, the quaternions (20G20) Minkowski geometries in nonlinear incidence geometry (51B20) Polyhedra and polytopes; regular figures, division of spaces (51M20) Phase-space methods including Wigner distributions, etc. applied to problems in quantum mechanics (81S30) Quantization of the gravitational field (83C45)

Abstract: We describe the Lorentzian version of the Kapovitch-Millson phase space for polyhedra with $N$ faces. Starting with the Schwinger representation of the $mathfraksu(1,1)$ Lie algebra in terms of a pair of complex variables (or spinor), we define the phase space for a space-like vectors in the three-dimensional Minkowski space $mathbb{R}^{1,2}$. Considering $N$ copies of this space, quotiented by a closure constraint forcing the sum of those 3-vectors to vanish, we obtain the phase space for Lorentzian polyhedra with $N$ faces whose normal vectors are space-like, up to Lorentz transformations. We identify a generating set of $SU(1,1)$-invariant observables, whose flow by the Poisson bracket generate both area-preserving and area-changing deformations. We further show that the area-preserving observables form a $mathfrak{gl}_N(mathbbR)$ Lie algebra and that they generate a $G{L}_N(mathbbR)$ action on Lorentzian polyhedra at fixed total area. That action is cyclic and all Lorentzian polyhedra can be obtained from a totally squashed polyhedron (with only two non-trivial faces) by a $G{L}_N(mathbbR)$ transformation. All those features carry on to the quantum level, where quantum Lorentzian polyhedra are defined as $SU(1,1)$ intertwiners between unitary $SU(1,1)$-representations from the principal continuous series. Those $SU(1,1)$-intertwiners are the building blocks of spin network states in loop quantum gravity in 3+1 dimensions for time-like slicing and the present analysis applies to deformations of the quantum geometry of time-like boundaries in quantum gravity, which is especially relevant to the study of quasi-local observables and holographic duality.

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Cited in

(4)

• The fine structure of \(\operatorname{SU}(2)\) intertwiners from \(\operatorname{U}(N)\) representations
• Polyhedra in spacetime from null vectors
• Deformations of polyhedra and polygons by the unitary group
• A new 2+1 coherent spin-foam vertex for quantum gravity

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